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Protein Synthesis Study Guide
Name
Per.
1. DNA is also known as the _________________________________.
2. A protein is made up of ____________________________.
3. A protein’s function is determined by its ___________ and ______________________________________.
4. Draw and label the 3 major parts of a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide. Point out their differences.
DNA
RNA
# of strands
codes for
bases
sugar
5. How do DNA and RNA together contribute to making a protein?
Types of RNA
Function
6. A DNA strand has the nucleotide sequence: ATCGAAGGTCTC.
a. What will be the corresponding mRNA sequence? ____________________________
b. How many codons are present? _______
c. What will be the corresponding tRNA sequence? _____________________________
d. What part do the tRNA anticodons play in making the protein? ________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
7. What enzyme joins RNA nucleotides together? __________________________________
8. Where is RNA synthesized? _____________________ What is this process called? ___________________
9. Where does protein synthesis occur? ___________________ What is this called? ____________________
10. Every mRNA triplet is called a ________, and the corresponding tRNA bases are called the ____________.
11. When nucleotide bases pair up, they are said to be _____________________________ of each other.
Functions of Proteins
Examples
12. Transcription takes place in the ________________________. Its purpose is to
Stage of Transcription
Major Events
RNA Processing
17. Why does splicing take place?
18. What is the difference between introns and exons?
19. Why are a cap and tail added to the mRNA strand?
16. Translation takes place in the ________________________. Its purpose is to
Stage of Translation
Major Events
20. What is tRNA charging?
21. Identify each of the labeled structures in the diagram.
B
A.
C
D
B.
C.
E
D.
E.
F.
F
G
G.
H.
I
I.
J.
A
Mutation
Description
Base Substitution
missense
nonsense
silent
Frameshift
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology:
H
J
Effects