Download Chapter 16p. 515 homework Ques. 1, 37 1. Fort SumterнаUnion fort

Chapter 16 p. 515 homework
Ques. 1, 3­7
1. Fort Sumter­ Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, SC.
Confederacy­ nation formed by Southern states attempting to secede
from the U.S.
Robert E. Lee­ Confederate general, commander of the Army of Northern
Virginia.
border states­ slave states that bordered states in which slavery was
illegal.
Anaconda Plan­ Union plan to defeat the Confederacy. The 3 parts of this
plan were:
1. Blockade the South (deny it the ability to bring in supplies or export
goods for cash).
2. Take control of the Mississippi River­ this would divide the
Confederacy in half.
3. Capture Richmond, Virginia­­ it was the capital of the Confederacy.
First Battle of Bull Run­ first major battle of the Civil War.
Thomas J. Jackson­ a Confederate general at the Battle of Bull Run; he
earns the nickname “Stonewall” at that battle when his troops hold their
ground when it looks like the Union troops might win the battle.
3. What were Lincoln’s choices in regard to Ft. Sumter?
He had to either surrender the fort or send ships to resupply the troops
that were there.
He chose to send a message to the governor of South Carolina telling
them he was sending supply ships. And he promised to only give them
food, water, and other essentials­­ no more men, weapons, or other
military supplies. He did this hoping if the Confederates knew his intentions
the would allow the ships to go to the fort. The Confederates fired on Ft.
Sumter to make it surrender before the ships could arrive.
4. Why were the border states important to both sides in the Civil War?
There were 4 slave states that did not secede: Kentucky, Missouri,
Delaware, Maryland (later West Virginia broke away from Virginia).
They were:
● strategically located (near rivers, railroads, etc.)
● had numerous resources (supplies, men, etc.)
Lincoln knew that every state that did not secede represented thousands
of soldiers that the Union armies would not have to fight.
"I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky." ­­
Abraham Lincoln
"I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole
game.” ­Abraham Lincoln
Kentucky
● its entire northern border is the Ohio River.
● was strategically located at the junction of the Ohio and Mississippi
Rivers.
If Kentucky was part of the Confederacy, that would make invading the
western parts of the South very difficult.
5. What kind of military strategy did each side develop?
The North knew it would have to use an offensive strategy.
Not invading the South basically lets the current situation just
continue. The North had to defeat the enemy and “force” it back into the
Union.
The South adopted a defensive strategy (at first).
ADVANTAGES OF FIGHTING A DEFENSIVE WAR:
● If your enemy has more weapons and men and is richer, it is
probably better to let them come and attack you. This gives you an
advantage­­ usually the army attacking loses more men.
● Staying on your home territory shortens your supply lines and allows
you to conserve resources.
● You will be on territory you are familiar with; your enemy will not know
the land as well. This can be used as an advantage in battle and/or
planning your strategy.
Later, because of military successes­­ but also because the South
realized, if this war dragged on for many more years, their resources would
be used up­­ the South tried to invade the North. The South knew it could
not “takeover” the North­­ it could only hope to just win enough victories,
fight long enough, etc. to make the North give up.
6. Which side seemed better prepared for the conflict?
I DON’T LIKE THIS QUESTION.
Neither side was really “prepared” for the war.
The North had more strength overall­­ the question was could they
overcome bad leadership early in the war and would they be willing to fight
long enough to defeat a determined enemy.
BE SURE TO STUDY THE VISUAL ON PAGE 514 (COMPARING
NORTH AND SOUTH­­ STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES) FOR THE
QUIZ.
7. Why did the Confederacy adopt a defensive strategy?
See #5 above.