Download Chapter F1: Electricity

Science Chapter F1 Study Guide
Electricity and Magnetism
Vocabulary
charge Measurement of an object’s extra positive or negative
particles.
circuit Path made for an electric current.
electric cell Supplies energy to move charges through a circuit.
conductor Material that electric current can pass through easily,
such as copper wire.
electric current Flow of electric charges.
electric field Space around an object where electric forces occur.
electromagnet Arrangement of wire wrapped around a core.
Insulator Material that electric current cannot easily pass through.
magnet Object that attracts things made of iron or steel.
magnetic fields Space around a magnet where the force of the
magnet acts.
magnetic poles Ends of a magnet.
parallel circuit Circuit with more than one path for electric current.
resistor Material that resists but doesn’t stop the flow of electric
current.
series circuit Circuit with one path for electric current
static electricity Charge that stays on an object
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A bar magnet’s pull is strongest at both poles.
An electromagnet can be controlled by turning the current on
and off, adding coils of wire around the core, or increasing or
decreasing the amount of current.
When two objects have like charges, then repel each other.
Electricity and magnetism are alike because they both
produce a force that can pull or push things without touching
them. They both have opposite states: electricity has
positive and negative, and magnetism has north-seeking and
south-seeking. In both, opposite states attract and same states
repel.
An object has a negative charge if it has more negative
particles than positive particles.
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Magnets attract each other at opposite poles.
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Electromagnets in motors are used to cause motion.
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The earth is like a giant magnet, and the compass has a
magnet in its needle. The north-seeking pole of the compass
magnet is attracted to the Earth’s North Pole. This makes the
compass needle point north.
In a series circuit, if one bulb burns out, then none of the
bulbs will light.