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Immunisation
What you should know
• The difference between immunisation and
vaccination
• Benefits of immunisation
• National Immunisation Program
• Myths and realities about immunisation
• Influenza vaccine and its benefit and
effectiveness
• Your role
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Immunisation and vaccination
Immunisation
• process of making a person immune or resistant to
infectious disease
Vaccination
• administration of a vaccine
Vaccine
• material used for immunisation
– inactivated or weakened virus or bacteria
• interacts with the body’s immune system
Benefits of immunisation
• Protects
– the individual
– the community
• Reasons
– reduces illness, disability and death
– controls, prevents and eradicates disease
– cost effective health strategy
– accessible health strategy
National Immunisation Program
Under immunisation
• Individual immunisation levels are incomplete
• Reasons for under immunisation:
– vaccine safety concerns
– difficulty accessing healthcare services
– socioeconomic situation
• Can put high community vaccination levels at risk
Missing out on immunisation
• Family unit consisting of:
– parents under 25 years
– a single parent
– more than one child
– parents who are unemployed, on low income or with very
high or very low education levels
• Migrant families
• Families who move frequently
• Young adults
• Healthy adults
• People in rural and urban areas
Effectiveness of vaccines
• No vaccine is 100% effective
• Risk from disease is much higher than risk from vaccine
• Depends on
– age of the person receiving the vaccine
– person’s ability to form an immune response
– similarity between circulating virus strains and the
vaccine
Myths and realities about vaccines
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Vaccines aren’t safe
Children get too many vaccines
Adults don’t need vaccines
My child has a cold, so they shouldn’t get immunised
Vaccines have too many side effects
Immunisation causes autism
Influenza vaccine
• 3 strains of virus
– swine flu (H1N1) is included
• 2 weeks for protection to develop
• Require yearly vaccine
• Available free on NIP schedule for certain groups
Myth:
• I can get the flu from the vaccine.
Benefits of influenza vaccine
• Protects individual against influenza
• Reduces
– the chance of spreading influenza to others
– the number of deaths and hospital admissions due to
influenza
– the risk of complications from influenza in ‘at-risk’
people
– illness in healthy people
– workplace absenteeism
In-pharmacy influenza vaccine service
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Conducted in-pharmacy
Vaccine administered by a trained immuniser
Pharmacist unable to provide vaccinations
Pre-vaccine screening
Require consumer consent
Provided in a private screened area
Wait 15-minutes after vaccine
Provide information
PSA immunisation services in pharmacy - guidelines
Immunisation – your role
• Maintain a commitment to immunisation
• Answer consumer concerns
– vaccine safety
– reactions and side effects
– current immunisation issues
• Provide consumers with educational material
• Identify high-risk individuals
• Collaborate with other healthcare providers