Download Zoology Chapter 8-9: Introduction to Animals Review for Test List the

Zoology Chapter 8-9: Introduction to Animals
Review for Test
1.
List the what parts of the body each germ layer forms:
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Digestive system
muscles
skin
2.
______Cephalization____________________________ is characterized by the concentration of sensory and
brain structures in the anterior end.
3.
A eucoelom is a body cavity completely lined with ______mesoderm_______________________________.
4.
An animal that has body parts that extend from outward from its center shows what type of
symmetry? ________radial symmetry_________________________________
5.
During which stage of development do the germ layers form? ______gastrulation_______________________
6.
Refer to the coelomate picture you drew.
a. Which one displays no body cavity? _________acoelom__________________________
b.
Which type would humans have? __________eucoelom___________________________________
c.
Make sure you can pick out the characteristics of any type of coelom!!!
7.
A butterfly would have which type of symmetry? _____bilateral________________________________
8.
A cnidarian (jellyfish, sea anemone) would have which type of symmetry?____radial___________________
9.
List the characteristics of Protostomes and Deuterostomes:
Protostomes
Blastopore becomes…
mouth
Deuterostomes
anus
How do cells divide?
Spiral
radial
Cells decide what they will
become…
What organisms?
Determinate
Indeterminate
Invertebrates (except
echinoderms aka starfish)
Vertebrates plus echinoderms
(aka starfish)
10. Many animals have a head that is located at the ___anterior__________________________ end of their body
and a tail that is located at the _____posterior_________________________ end of their body.
11. In an animal that is bilaterally symmetrical, which of the two halves mirror each other?
______left and right_______________________________________
12. What do you call a fertilized egg? _____________zygote_________________________
13. Which of the three germ layers in animal embryos gives rise to muscles and much of the circulatory,
reproductive, and excretory systems? _____mesoderm___________________________
14. The lungs develop from which germ layer? ______endoderm_____________________________
15. A _______blastula_____________________ is a hollow ball of cells in an embryo.
Zoology Chapter 8-9: Introduction to Animals
Review for Test
16. As an animal develops, the ectoderm becomes what? _____skin and nervous system__________________
17. Draw a fish and label the dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior side
dorsal
Anterior
posterior
ventral
18. What does the mouth of a protostome begin as? ___blastopore__________________________________
19. Draw and label the endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm, and blastopore of a cell.
See notes or picture on powerpoint. Make sure you know that the blastopore is the opening.
20. Which type of digestive system is most efficient? _____unidirectional__________________________
Vocabulary
21. __invertebrates__________________________________: animals WITHOUT a backbone
22. __vertebrates__________________________________: animals WITH a backbone
23. _open___________________________________: circulatory system with blood loose inside body spaces
24. ___closed_________________________________: circulatory system with blood flowing through veins and
vessels
25. ___bidirectional___________________: type of digestive system in which there is only one opening, so food
enters and exits same opening
26. ____unidirectional________________________________: type of digestive system in which there are two
openings, so food enters one opening and exits another
27. ___integumentary_________________________________: body system consisting of skin, scales, or feathers
28. ____digestive________________________________: body system that breaks down food to obtain nutrients
29. __sexual__________________________________: reproductive process in which offspring have genetic material
of two parents
30. _____asexual__________________________: reproductive process in which offspring have genetic material of
only one parent
31. ___indirect________________________: type of development where the immature young look different than
the adult
32. _____direct___________________________: type of development where the immature young are just smaller
version of the adult
33. ___external_________________________: type of fertilization in which the egg and sperm join outside of the
female’s body
34. ____internal____________________________: type of fertilization in which the egg and sperm join inside the
female’s body
35. ______endocrine_______________________: the body system that makes hormones that regulate other body
systems
36. ____ammonia________________________________: most toxic form of nitrogen waste; made by fish
37. _____uric acid____________________________: least toxic form of nitrogen waste; made by birds and reptiles
Continued on next page
Zoology Chapter 8-9: Introduction to Animals
Review for Test
38. Be able to label a figure similar to the cat picture you drew. This includes knowing where the
following terms are located: Anterior, Posterior, Dorsal, Ventral, Sagittal Plane, Frontal Plane,
Transverse Plane.
39. Be able to list the characteristics that must be true for a living thing to be considered an animal.
Eukaryotic
Heterotrophic
Multicellular
Specialization
Move
DNA
Reproduce