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THE STRATEGIES OF RUSSIA, THE USA
AND CHINA ON SECURITY
PROVISION IN CENTRAL ASIA: IS
COMPATIBILITY POSSIBLE?
Today Central Asian region takes a key position in the
system of international relations. Leading regional
and non-regional participants express an active
interest in states of this region. The following factors
contribute to this trend.
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1/ Central Asia – is the concentration of natural
resources (oil – 27 bln. tn, gas);
2/It is the territory where European and Asian
transport routes cross. This opens new investment
and integration opportunities for the states of the
region;
3/The third factor is the involvement in the
processes that are connected with Afghanistan.
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The groups of risks that undermine the stability and
security in Central Asia can be highlighted.
Non-traditional threat (extremism, terrorism, radical
Islam values, drug dissemination).
Traditional military treats, connected with potential
conflicts, territorial disagreements.
Risks, connected with political changes in countries.
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The split of the USSR contributes to the increase of such
treats as terrorism, separatism and others. New-formed
states couldn’t overcome them by themselves. Thus SOC
appearance can be regarded as a natural response to
existing problems, undermining their security.
According to the Declaration dated from the 15th 2001,
SOC isn’t the military organization. The purpose of the
SOC is to unite the efforts of regional states in order to
increase the effectiveness of fight against treats to
security.
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It is important to highlight that relation among
Russian and China as main actors of the
organization defines the vector of its development.
The interests of the states are concentrated on the
security provision, transport routes creation. The
interaction of the states in the sphere of security is
one of the leading directions within the
organization; however the purposes and the
resources that the sides use are different.
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The main purpose of the Chinese foreign policy is to create
peaceful and stable conditions for internal development of
the country, however China is aware of that fact that if it
want to achieve this purpose it would be impossible to avoid
confrontation with the USA that regard Asia as its sphere of
influence.
From this point of view, SOC and cooperation with Russia
are perceived as an effective instrument against the USA
domination.
Moreover, for China security provision is an indispensable
condition for economic aims realization. Regarding central
asian region as a key factor of its security, China expresses
the readiness to take part in political stabilization
achievement in Afghanistan (after the USA troops
withdrawal).
Main facts
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SOC- is the instrument of interaction between
Russian and China and attempt to suppress the USA
domination;
There is different perception of SOC between
Russia and China: for China – SOC is an
opportunity to spread its economic influence and an
access to additional market; for Russia – SOC is an
tool of security provision, instrument of influence
and control of China.