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Circulatory
System Functions
Laboratory Techniques
TM 1
Agriculture, Food, and Natural
Resource Standards Addressed
• AS.07.01. Design programs to prevent
animal diseases, parasites and other
disorders and ensure animal welfare.
– AS.07.01.02.a. Explain methods of determining
animal health and disorders.
Laboratory Techniques
TM 2
Circulatory System
Functions
• Respiratory – O2 and CO2 exchange
• Excretory – removes waste from body cells
• Protection – clotting, transports white blood cells
to infections
• Nutrition – carries energy and food throughout the
body
• Regulatory – helps to maintain pH and
temperature
• Hormonal – transfers hormones to organs
Laboratory Techniques
TM 3
Heart
Circulation
Aorta
Pulmonary Arteriesto lungs
Pulmonary
Veins
Cranial Vena
Cava
Left Atrium
Right
Atrium
Left Ventricle
Caudal Vena
Cava
Right
Ventricle
Laboratory Techniques
TM 4
Major Veins
Jugular veins
Cephalic veins
Right axillary vein
Right brachial vein
Cranial vena cava
Caudal vena cava
Ovarian vein
Renal vein
Testicular vein
Right external iliac
Femoral vein
Saphenous vein
Caudal vein
Laboratory Techniques
TM 5
Major Arteries
Facial arteries
Right axillary
Right brachial
Common
carotid arteries
Brachiocephalic
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Mesenteric arteries
Renal artery
Ovarian artery
Testicular artery
Right external iliac
Femoral artery
Caudal artery
Laboratory Techniques
TM 6
Structure of Blood
Blood is composed of :
40% cells and %60 plasma
 The cells that in the blood are:
Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
Platelets
Laboratory Techniques
TM 7
Erythrocyte
(red blood cell)
• The most abundant blood cell
• Function – transport O2 throughout the body
Mammals – no cell nucleus
Birds & Reptiles –cell nucleus
Laboratory Techniques
TM 8
Neutrophil
• Function- to stop or slow down foreign organisms
• They work by:
– Phagocytosis – to eat bacteria and dead cells
– Bacteriocidal – to kill bacteria
Laboratory Techniques
TM 9
Basophil
• Functions –
– Phagocytosis
– Mediate allergic reactions
– Produce heparin and histamine
Laboratory Techniques
TM 10
Eosinophil
• Functions –
– Moderate the inflammatory response
– phagocytosis
Laboratory Techniques
TM 11
Lymphocyte & Monocyte
• Lymphocyte – plays a vital
role in immunity
 T-cells (memory cells) – cells
are sensitized to an antigen,
remember that antigen and
fight it off next time
• Monocyte – largest blood
cell
 Function is phagocytosis
 B-cells – divide to form many
cells to fight an antigen
Laboratory Techniques
TM 12
Thrombocyte
• Function –
– Hemostasis (clotting) – stop bleeding by adhering to damaged
vessels and clumping together, release proteins that help form a
clot
Laboratory Techniques
TM 13
Urinary System
Urethra
Ureter
Urethra
Ureter
Kidney
Bladder
Kidney
Bladder
Laboratory Techniques
TM 14
The Kidney
Cortex
Medulla
Renal artery
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Renal capsule
Laboratory Techniques
TM 15
The
Glomerulus
Nephron
Bowman’s
capsule
Proximal
convoluted
tubule
Arterioles
Distal
convoluted
tubule
Loop of Henle
Collecting
duct
Laboratory Techniques
TM 16