Download Climate Change News 16 March 11

Climate change in the news
Issue 16 – 31st March, 2011
Recent Agriculture and Forestry Articles/ Publications
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37,000 Mangroves for Kiribati
CGIAR Program Convenes Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change
FAO to Provide Training on Modelling Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture
PACC Socioeconomic Assessment Carried Out in Kivori, PNG
REDD+
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Guide now available: Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) in REDD+
CBD Publishes Booklet on REDD+, Biodiversity and Livelihoods
Updated REDD-plus Guide from FIELD
The REDD Safeguards of Cancun
REDD-plus briefing paper for Bangkok
REDD-plus and Biodiversity e-Newsletter - Vol.14 - March 2011
7. New Forest Trends Report: Investing in Forest Carbon – Lessons from the first 20 years
8. Methodology for Calculating the GHG Benefits from Preventing Planned Degradation
9. Fiji Launches national REDD-Plus Policy
10. Fiji REDD-plus Consultations continue
General
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Fiji City Joins Making Cities Resilience Campaign
EU, Pacific Islands Discuss Implementation of Climate Change Initiative
7th SPC Heads of Fisheries Meeting Discusses Impact of Climate Change
CARE International release: PECCN Pages Newsletter
Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Mangroves to Impacts of Climate Change
37, 000 Mangroves for Kiribati
Planting mangroves on the atoll of Tarawa.
SOUTH TARAWA, March 29, 2011—Over 37,000 mangrove seedlings
have recently been planted on the islands of Aranuka, Butaritari,
Maiana, Makin and in North and South Tarawa.
The seedlings were planted through an activity funded by KAPII (Kiribati
Adaptation Program Phase II) under the supervision of the Government
of Kiribati’s Environment and Conservation Division.
Turang Favae, Acting Biodiversity and Conservation Officer at the
Environment and Conservation Division says, "First and foremost it
contributes to the building of coastlines and protects our shores against coastal erosion."
Mangroves, although considered a ‘soft’ option when compared to seawalls, can be one of the most
effective forms of coastal protection that in addition provide a range of other benefits.
"We see mangroves as an important habitat for marine life that use the mangroves as their homes. In
that sense mangrove ecosystems are important to the marine species that we depend on for our
livelihoods," says Mrs. Favae. "They also contribute to the natural carbon dioxide cycle, act as buffers to
storm surges and sea sprays and help filter nutrient runoff from land as mangrove roots absorb these
nutrients and reduce pollution impacts on the sea."
Dr. Helene Jacot Des Combes, of the Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development at
the University of the South Pacific, Suva, sees mangroves as a coastal protection option that can go
beyond government and into the hands of the people.
"It is a solution that is not as costly as others and it can be done by the community, there is no real
maintenance required and it profits the community by providing extra food and fire wood," says Dr.
Jacot Des Combe.
More
CGIAR Program Convenes Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and
Climate Change
11 March 2011: The Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food
Security (CCAFS) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
(CGIAR) has convened a Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change.
The Commission will synthesize major studies and identify pathways to address food security in the
context of climate change. It will develop a set of recommendations on: putting sustainable agriculture
approaches into action at scale to increase production of food, fiber and fuel; helping decrease poverty;
and enhancing environmental protection. The recommended policy actions will be directed at
international policy forums such as the UNFCCC, the UN Conference on Sustainable Development
(UNCSD or Rio 2012), and the Group of 20 (G20) industrialized and developing countries. The
Commission is made up of eminent scientists and economists from 13 countries. Additional support is
provided by the Global Donor Platform for Rural Development. [CCAFS Press Release] [CCAFS Press
Release on the Commission on Sustainable Agriculture and Climate Change] [Commission Website]
FAO to Provide Training on Modelling Climate Change Impacts on
Agriculture
8 March 2011: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) will be offering
training to national meteorological services, agriculture departments and other relevant
institutions on performing impact assessments using the FAO-MOSAICC (Modelling System
for Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change) tool.
The system and related capacity building activities will be trialled in Morocco in 2011 before being
exported to other countries. The tool will help countries fill the gaps on understanding how agriculture
and crop production will be affected by the impacts of climate change. The tool will examine how
changing crop yields under a variety of climate change scenarios will impact national economies. This
will then allow countries to develop effective adaptation strategies.
Trainings will be provided at host institutions in: statistical downscaling for climate data; hydrological
modelling; crop modelling; dynamic computable general equilibrium models; and server maintenance.
Optional training in statistics is also available, as well as continued assistance from the FAO team when
the climate change impact studies are undertaken. The FAO-MOSAICC project is being developed under
a joint programme of the FAO and European Commission on "Linking information in decision making to
improve food security." [UN Press Release] [FAO-MOSAICC Site] [Climate Change Policy and Practice
Story on the Launch of the FAO-MOSAICC Tool]
PACC Socioeconomic Assessment Carried Out in Kivori, PNG
28 February 2011: A socioeconomic assessment is been carried out in
Kivori, Papua New Guinea (PNG), as a pilot site for the Pacific
Adaptation to Climate Change (PACC) Project, implemented by the
PNG Department of Agriculture and Livestock, with the UN
Development Programme (UNDP) and the Secretariat of the Pacific
Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), and funded by the Global
Environment Facility (GEF).
The PACC Project team is analyzing the various problems faced by Kivori communities with a view to
designing a PACC Programme for Kivori. The assessment is expected continue before on-the-ground
implementation is carried out towards the end of 2011. [SPREP Press Release]
Guide now available: Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) in REDD+
Last week Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) and RECOFTC – The Centre for
People and Forests launched a guide on “Free, Prior, and Informed Consent in REDD+: Principles and
Approaches for Policy and Project Development” at a regional GIZ conference in Bangkok. The
publication has been developed jointly by the GIZ Sector Network Natural Resources and Rural
Development – Asia and RECOFTC’s Grassroots Capacity Building Program for Reducing Emissions from
Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) in the Asia-Pacific Region with the involvement of a
consortium of nongovernment organizations and civil society organizations working on REDD+ projects
or on indigenous rights in the region.
Put simply, “free, prior, and informed consent” (FPIC) is the right of indigenous peoples to say “yes, and
how” or “no” to developments affecting their resources and territories. It is based in international law
and in some countries, in national law. Its legal status has been strengthened through the adoption of
the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) in 2008. Originating in the
right of indigenous peoples to self-determination it is increasingly being extended to all local
communities with historic or customary connection to the land and resources they use. FPIC has
regained publicity and prominence through the international climate change negotiations and is
discussed as one of several safeguards for REDD+. The guide describes what it takes to respect the right
to free, prior, and informed consent in REDD+ projects and programs.
Under its ongoing project on grassroots capacity building for REDD, RECOFTC will now develop a training
manual based on the FPIC guide. Aimed at government officers, field facilitators, and project proponents
who are and will be involved in REDD+ design and implementation, the manual will build capacity to
understand and better apply FPIC in specific contexts.
The guide can be downloaded here:
http://www.forclime.org/images/stories/RECOFTC-GIZ_FPIC_in_REDD_2011.pdf
Or here:
http://www.recoftc.org/site/resources/Free-Prior-and-Informed-Consent-in-REDD-.php
CBD Publishes Booklet on REDD+, Biodiversity and Livelihoods
March 2011: The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), with the Deutsche
Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), has published a booklet titled
"Biodiversity and Livelihoods: REDD-plus Benefits."
The publication demonstrates how measures and policies for REDD+ (reducing emissions from
deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, including conservation, sustainable
management of forests, and enhancement of carbon stocks) can simultaneously address climate change,
biodiversity loss and poverty. The booklet reviews the role of forests in, and synergies between,
mitigation and adaptation strategies, and the importance of indigenous and local communities as key
partners and beneficiaries of REDD+ efforts. It also points to market interest in multiple benefits of
forests beyond carbon, noting that a financial compensation mechanism should aim to achieve multiple
benefits simultaneously and remunerate their mutual promotion. It calls for political will and
coordination at the country level for enhancing synergies and cost savings. [Publication : Biodiversity
and Livelihoods: REDD-plus Benefits]
Updated REDD-plus Guide from FIELD
FIELD has updated its Guide for REDD-plus Negotiators to take account of the Cancun outcomes.
The purpose of this guide is to assist developing country negotiators and others who are working on
REDD-plus. It is available in English, French and Spanish.
This is an updated version of the guide that was released in October 2010.
The guide is divided into three parts:
- Part I considers REDD-plus in the negotiations
- Part II contains general negotiating tips for new REDD-plus negotiators and others
- Part III contains UNFCCC documents that are often referred to in REDD-plus negotiations
Please visit http://www.field.org.uk/news/updated-redd-plus-guide to download the guide.
This project was funded by the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation.
The REDD Safeguards of Cancun
A Working paper titled "The REDD safeguards of Cancun" by Dr Promode Kant, Swati Chaliha and Dr Wu
Shuirong has been published by IGREC and is available on our website http://www.igrec.in/index.html
Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation and the role of conservation,
sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries
has been recognized as a major climate change mitigation tool. But since deforestation and forest
degradation so often accompany extreme poverty, particularly among the indigenous people and
forest dependent communities, it has been argued that unless properly safeguarded REDD can
further impoverish the lives of the poor besides impinging negatively on biodiversity, food security and
on national sovereignty. The Cancun Agreement has now addressed these concerns through
well designed safeguards. By making REDD primarily responsible for meeting the basic objectives
of Article 2 of the UNFCCC that requires climate change mitigation without harming food security
and economic development it has been ensured that the REDD activities that discourage future
extension of agriculture over forested lands would have to be accompanied by enhanced
agricultural productivity so that the food production is not threatened and economic development
moves apace. Further the agreement has emphasized REDD as a voluntary mitigation action by
developing countries that can only be undertaken taking into account national legislation and
sovereignty. Cancun has laid a sound foundation on which a more comprehensive architecture for REDD
that includes a market based mechanism can be built in the coming years.
REDD-plus briefing paper for Bangkok
FIELD has prepared a new briefing paper on REDD-plus ahead of the next UN climate change meeting
taking place in Bangkok, 5-8 April 2011.
The aim of the paper is to assist developing country negotiators who are working on REDD-plus.
Download at:
http://www.field.org.uk/news/new-redd-plus-paper-bangkok-climate-change-meeting
This paper has been prepared with support from the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation
(Norad).
REDD-plus and Biodiversity e-Newsletter - Vol.14 - March 2011
The Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity has just released Vol. 14 of its REDD-plus and
Biodiversity e-Newsletter. It is available at: http://www.cbd.int/forest/newsletters/redd-14.htm
For more information on the REDD-plus and Biodiversity e-Newsletter and on how to subscribe, or to
view previous issues, please visit: http://www.cbd.int/forest/redd/newsletters/
New Forest Trends Report: Investing in Forest Carbon – Lessons from
the first 20 years
It has been more than two decades since forest carbon transactions first occurred. What have we
learned about forest carbon projects in general and investment insights in particular?
The recently launched Forest Trends and Katoomba Group report “Investing in Forest Carbon: Lessons
from the First 20 Years” addresses that question. With support from Bio-Logical Capital, the team at
Forest Trends and the Katoomba Group conducted over 50 one-on-one interviews with forest carbon
leaders—from investors, through standard-setters, project developers, and sellers. The report offers a
glimpse into the over 200 projects developed in the last 20 years, but also dives in and finds the lessons
in the successes and failures.
Perhaps most importantly, the report includes a list of suggested forest carbon project screening
selection criteria which may help mitigate the risk for forest carbon investors around the world. These
screening selection criteria examine every aspect of the potential project, from national laws
surrounding carbon transactions to local context to technical prospects. As a result, the report provides
a clear guide for the investor community in evaluating risk before investing in forest carbon projects
around the world. You can download the report here.
Methodology for Calculating the GHG Benefits from Preventing Planned
Degradation
The methodology was assessed by two independent validation/verification bodies under the Voluntary
Carbon Standard (VCS) Methodology Approval Process. Approval means the methodology may now be
used to develop projects and issue credits verified to VCS criteria.
Further information on the methodology can be found on the VCS website. Comments or questions may
be addressed to [email protected].
Fiji Launches national REDD-Plus policy
The Fiji REDD-Plus (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation + enhancing and
increasing carbon stocks) policy was launched in Suva on Wednesday, 9
March 2010 by Mr Viliame Naupoto, the Fiji Permanent Secretary for
Fisheries and Forests and also Chairman of the Fiji National Climate Change
Country Team. The launch was held at the Holiday Inn and was attended by
guests from several sectors and agencies.
Mr Naupoto described the event as a momentous one, and he congratulated
the many stakeholders on their achievement of developing the policy. The
policy will contribute towards strengthening the country’s efforts to manage
forest resources sustainably, while at the same time mitigating climate
change. Mr Naupoto also highlighted the important side benefits of REDDPlus initiatives, such as the protection and enhancement of ecosystem
services provided by forests. These services include the provision of clean water, wild edible plants,
fertile soil and sources of livelihood.
The Fiji REDD-Plus policy was formally endorsed by cabinet in December 2010 after a comprehensive
stakeholder consultation process that began with its first drafting in September 2009. The policy will be
implemented through a national REDD-Plus programme that will aim at putting in place supporting
institutional and legal frameworks to ensure transparency, good governance and observance of
safeguards, such as protection of the rights of indigenous resource owners. The national REDD-Plus
programme will also address technical components of REDD-Plus, such as the establishment of a forest
carbon monitoring system.
Speaking on the implementation of REDD-Plus, the Director of the Fiji
Department of Environment, Mr. Jope Davetanivalu, highlighted the
synergies that will be created with the other Rio conventions such as
the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the
Convention on Biological Diversity. The Department of Environment is
one of the key stakeholders in REDD-Plus and collaboration with the
Forestry Department has been strengthened in the last two years with
the Forestry Department joining the Fiji negotiation team as lead REDD-Plus resource persons at the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change meetings.
Also present at the launch was the Fiji Principal Cultural Development Officer, Adi Meretui
Ratunabuabua, who noted the policy provisions for safeguarding indigenous rights and commented that
this provision aligns with national, regional and international frameworks on indigenous knowledge and
culture. She urged that the implementation process also consider these frameworks.
The Fiji REDD-Plus initiative is supported through the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) and the
German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ) Regional Programme — Coping with Climate Change
in the Pacific Island Region. In his address to the guests, Dr Hermann Fickinger, Programme Director for
GIZ, said that the policy was developed through constructive teamwork and cooperation, reflecting the
healthy partnerships and collaborations existing among stakeholders. The successful partnership
between SPC, GIZ and the Fiji Forestry Department was forged over two decades of development
cooperation, and it continues through the Fiji REDD-Plus programme.
The Fiji REDD-Plus Policy can be downloaded
from http://www.spc.int/lrd/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=211&Itemid=48
For further information, contact Mr Samuela Lagataki, Fiji Deputy Conservator of Forests,
[email protected] and Ms Christine Fung, [email protected]
Fiji REDD-plus Consultations continue
The second round of consultations on the development of the
Fiji REDD-plus (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest
degradation + enhancing and increasing of carbon stocks)
strategy was held in Suva, Fiji on Tuesday 08 March 2011.
Invited stakeholders from various sectors reviewed the first
draft and deliberated on strategic actions necessary for Fiji to
implement REDD+ and to allow it to access appropriate
financing mechanisms. The REDD-plus strategy was first drafted in a 2-day workshop held in November
2010.
Mr. Sairusi Bulai, Forest and Trees Adviser of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, officially opened
the workshop reminding participants of their valuable contributions to allow for the implementation of
the national REDD-plus policy. The REDD-plus policy was endorsed by cabinet in December 2010. Mr
Bulai praised the commitment of the participants and their sectors for continuing to support the
country’s efforts towards REDD-readiness. Most of the participants have been involved since the
inception of the REDD-plus programme in 2009.
The main components of the draft strategy conform to policy statements in the national REDD+ policy.
These include the development of REDD+ guidelines including carbon trading, the establishment of
credible monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) systems, the establishment and implementation of
pilots sites to promote a “learning by doing” approach, and strengthening Fiji’s capacity to negotiate on
REDD+ issues at the regional and international policy level.
Featured prominently in discussions was the need to put in place structures to ensure equitable benefits
accrue to indigenous forest resource owners. Mr Solomone Nata from the Native Lands Trust Board
stressed the need to put in place regulatory frameworks and REDD+ guidelines to ensure transparency
and good governance of REDD+ projects. Participants also recognised the need to further develop their
capacities to better understand the different facets of REDD+ ranging from technical requirements
needed to carry out carbon stock assessments to the international policy processes involving REDD+.
These issues will be taken on-board in the drafted REDD-plus strategy. Ms Morena Rigamoto, Live and
Learn Fiji country manager, requested the support of relevant agencies to develop technical capacities
of non-governmental organisations to implement REDD+ projects, making special mention of MRV
systems. Agencies to tap with the technical expertise include the Forestry Department, the Secretariat
of the Pacific Community (SPC) - Applied Geoscience and Technology Division (SOPAC), and the
University of the South Pacific – Institute of Applied Sciences.
The development of the Fiji national REDD-plus policy and the current drafting of the Fiji REDD-plus
strategy are supported under the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC)/ Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Regional Programme Coping with Climate Change in the Pacific
Island Region. Under this support it is anticipated that Fiji will be REDD-ready by 2012.
The report of the strategy workshop conducted in November 2010 can be downloaded from this link:
http://www.spc.int/lrd/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=211&Itemid=48
Contacts for further information: Mr Samuela Lagataki, Fiji Deputy Conservator of Forests,
[email protected] ; or Ms Christine Fung, [email protected]
Fiji City Joins Making Cities Resilience Campaign
8 March 2011: The UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN/ISDR) has
announced that Lami, Fiji, has joined the UN disaster reduction campaign “Making
Cities Resilient: My City Is Getting Ready!”
Lami is the first Pacific island city to join the global Campaign, which has been regionally adapted to:
“Making the Pacific Resilient – My community is getting ready!” Campaign objectives include: know
more, through raising the awareness of citizens and governments at all levels of the benefits of reducing
urban risks; invest wisely, through identifying budget allocations within local government funding plans
to invest in disaster risk reduction (DRR) activities; and build more safely, including through
mainstreaming DRR in participatory urban development planning processes and protecting critical
infrastructure.
The aim of the Campaign is to enlist over 1,000 local government leaders to increase investment in DRR,
including: improving urban planning, infrastructure and building safety; reinforcing drainage systems to
reduce flood, storm and health threats; installing early warning systems; conducting public
preparedness drills; and taking measures to adapt to the increasing impacts of climate change. [UN/ISDR
Press Release]
EU, Pacific Islands Discuss Implementation of Climate Change Initiative
2 March 2011: A High-Level Regional Conference on Climate Change in the
Pacific is convening in Vanuatu from 2-4 March 2011, where the EU and Pacific
countries are discussing implementation of the Joint Pacific-EU Initiative on
Climate Change.
The Initiative was launched in 2010 to build a stronger political dialogue on climate change, enhance the
effectiveness of climate change cooperation, and mobilize international efforts on climate change in the
Pacific. On the occasion, EU Commissioner for Development Andris Piebalgs announced new climate
funding opportunities for the Pacific. He launched and announced, inter alia, programmes aimed
at: fighting poverty and the consequences of climate change; strengthening Pacific economic integration
through trade; supporting climate change capacity development for the population of the Pacific
islands; and reducing risks from natural disasters. [EU Press Release] [Piebalgs’ Speech]
7th SPC Heads of Fisheries Meeting Discusses Impact of Climate Change
4 March 2011: The Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) convened the 7th
SPC Heads of Fisheries Meeting from 1-4 March, in Noumea, New Caledonia. The
meeting brought together fisheries representatives from 14 Pacific Island
Countries and included a one-day session on climate change, where delegates considered the impact of
climate change on Pacific fisheries.
Key messages presented to delegates by regional and international experts included that climate change
is predicted to cause large declines in coastal fisheries resources in the region, with potential production
cut by as much as 50% by 2100. The impacts are predicted due to higher sea temperatures, ocean
acidification and loss of important habitats like coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves. Mariculture,
the farming of saltwater fish and shellfish, is expected to be negatively impacted. Pearl culture, the most
valuable aquaculture in the Pacific, is also expected to suffer as rising levels of carbon dioxide cause
increased ocean acidity, making it harder for pearl oysters to form their shells. Seaweed farming is also
predicted to be impacted as higher water temperatures increase the risk of disease in seaweed.
Some positive impacts of climate change were also highlighted. These included that freshwater fisheries
in countries near the equator could potentially become more productive as a result of increased rainfall.
Specifically, commonly farmed freshwater fish like tilapia could benefit from increased freshwater
availability and higher temperatures.
Predicted impacts of climate change on the region’s largest fishery, tuna, were mixed. Models of the
abundance and distribution of skipjack tuna suggested some increase in production potential over the
next 25 years, but a small reduction in the longer term. In addition, tuna fishing grounds are expected to
shift generally eastwards, with countries in Polynesia the primary beneficiaries. For bigeye, the most
valuable of the four tunas in the region which is already subject to overfishing, the projections are less
promising; climate change is expected to cut production in all Pacific Island countries by 2100.
The biennial SPC Heads of Fisheries Meeting provides technical oversight of all SPC work in the field of
fisheries and aquaculture, as well as an opportunity to discuss in detail topics of special interest. SPC is
currently coordinating the production of a comprehensive assessment of the vulnerability of fisheries
and aquaculture to climate change in the 22 Pacific Island countries and territories based on information
compiled by teams of experts. The session included presentations from experts on the key results of the
assessment. [SPC Press Release]
CARE International release: PECCN Pages Newsletter
CARE are excited to share with everyone the link to the latest version of PECCN pages:
http://www.careclimatechange.org/files/CARE_docs/PECCN_PAGES_Feb2011.pdf
Highlights of the 24-page publication include:
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Articles about new CARE initiatives in advocacy, adaptation and carbon finance;
A COP16 overview;
Details on new projects including global research on rainfall patterns, a participatory M&E
Methodology and disaster risk reduction work in SE Asia;
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A presentation on mainstreaming gender in REDD;
Our women’s empowerment framework;
Results from CARE International’s first ‘Going Green’ survey;
Case studies on integrating climate change into projects; and
So much more!
Also posted are their most recent Programmes and Projects on their website at:
http://www.careclimatechange.org.
Finally - please take a look at their inspiring Powerful Hands video at:
http://www.careclimatechange.org/hands.
The short video is now available in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese, with German and Dutch
coming soon.
Vulnerability Assessment of Coastal Mangroves to Impacts of Climate
Change
WWF in partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF) is developing and test an adaptation
approach through resilience building, the inherent ability to recover from climate change in high
biodiversity tropical mangrove areas and associated coral reef, sea grass and upland ecosystems. The
project by examining similar systems in multiple locations develops a generalizable method, generating
replicable results between sites in mangroves, sea grass and coral reef ecosystems. The parallel situation
drawn from multiple sites allows for the development of regional scale planning; potentially promote
protected area networks and linkages between threatened systems.
The project focus on four initiatives, jointly implemented with government, NGO, resource owners and
communities with a stake in resource management of mangroves and associated systems like coral reefs
and sea grass meadows.
http://www.wwfpacific.org.fj/?199400/Vulnerability-Assessment-of-Coastal-Mangroves-to-Impacts-ofClimate-Change