Download Seeds of change: Emergence of the 1st global age

MWH 09/15/14
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Daily Question:

 What

are 5
inventions you could
not live without?
 Video
Clip –
3
things that have
evolved from the
scientific revolution

Have KLG #2 out on
desk.
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

Daily Questions
Schedule for the
week
PPT on Scientific
Revolution
Scientific
Revolutions todayDebate
Closure
THE SCIENTIFIC
REVOLUTION
1500-1700 AD
What was the Scientific Revolution?
A
thinking
new way of ______about
the
natural world based on careful
__________,
observation and a willingness to
________
question accepted beliefs.
________
 Scholars
scientists questioned
/ _______
many long-accepted ideas about
universe
the nature of the________.
What was the Scientific Revolution?

Marks the emergence
science
of modern _______
and the beginning of
world
the modern ______.
Influences on the Scientific Revolution

The Renaissance
________ and Reformation
________
inspired people to challenge
the accepted scientific views of
ancient thinkers and the church.

Translations of the works of
_____
Muslim scholars created greater
interest in astronomy, physics,
and mathematics.

Classic manuscripts revealed that
ancient scholars often _______
disagreed
with each other.
Influences on the Scientific Revolution
Exploration
 _________
of Africa, Asia
and America’s sparked an
discoveries
interest in new_________
and a search for new truths.
 Age
Explorationdemanded
of _______
navigation methods,
better ________
which fueled new scientific
research into astronomy and
mathematics.
Old Geocentric Theory of the Universe

Second century AD:
Ptolemy
Greek astronomer ________
Earth
concluded the ______was
the
center of the universe and that
sun and planets
the _____________revolved
around it.

church
Theory fit neatly with _______
doctrine (teachings).

unchallenged
Idea went __________for
the
next 1,300 years!
New Heliocentric Theory

sun
Theory that the ________
was
the center of the solar system
and that the stars, earth, and
revolved around it
other planets _____________.

This idea marks the start of
scientific revolution
the ___________________.

Copernicus
First proposed by __________
in 1548.
Nicolaus Copernicus



astronomer
16th c. Polish _________.
First to challenge existing
geocentric
__________theory.
Didn’t publish his work
until last year of his life
ridicule
to avoid _________
or
persecution
__________.
Copernicus
Heliocentric Theory Proven


German astronomer Johannes
Kepler (1609) concluded that
mathematical laws
_______________governed
motions of the planets.
mathematical proof
Provided _______________
for heliocentric theory. PROVED
COPERNICUS
_____________WAS
RIGHT!
Johannes Kepler

Also showed planets orbit the sun
elliptical not circular, orbits.
in ________,
Galileo Galilei


16th c. Italian scientist who
heliocentric
argued that the ________
theory of Copernicus was
right
_______.
Catholic Church
Forced by ___________to
recant his findings
______________because
church
they conflicted with _____
doctrine.
Galileo
Conflict with the Church



Galileo’s observations and his belief in the
Heliocentric view of the universe are in direct
violation with Church doctrine
The Church leaders are frightened by his discoveries
and worry that IF PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT THE
CHURCH IS WRONG ABOUT THIS, THEY
WILL SURELY QUESTION OTHER CHURCH
TEACHINGS!
Trust in the Church is at stake!
Galileo Facing Roman Inquisition
After his trial in
1632, Galileo was
never again a free
man.
Lived under house
arrest until his
death in 1642.
Galileo’s Other Discoveries




a pendulum
Each swing of ___________
takes equal time.
___________accelerate
at
Falling objects
fixed and predictable rate.
weights
Objects of different _______
fall at the same speed.
Built his own ________
telescope and
moons
discovered Jupiter’s 4 _____,
spots moon’srough
sun’sdark
_______,
____
surface.
Note:
In 1992, the Catholic
Church acknowledged
for the first time that
Galileo’s ideas were
correct and that Church
leaders were wrong to
condemn him.
Scientific Revolutions Today


You will read about various scientific
revolutions occurring today.
In each group, you will be split into people
who support the advances, and people who
don’t. You are to “debate” each other, and
attempt to get others to believe that what you
proposing is good for humanity.




Explain the significance of Galileo's observations of Jupiter and its moons,
and evaluate Galileo's contributions to science and history.
Discuss how the Copernican system threatened Church doctrine, and why
the Dialogue of Galileo—a devout Catholic—offended the Church.
Debate Galileo's decision to recant his heliocentric views. Do you consider
this cowardice, or did Galileo have no choice? What would you have done in
his situation?
Discuss why students of world history need to study Galileo, the Catholic
Church and its Inquisition in order to understand the Scientific Revolution,
the Protestant Reformation, and the subsequent Enlightenment (Age of
Reason).
Isaac Newton, 1643-1727




English scientist who discovered
laws of gravity
the _____________.
physical laws
Concluded same ___________
govern all matter on earth and in
space.
attracts
Every object in universe ______
every other object.
Degree of attraction depends on
______
mass of objects and _______
distance
between them.
Isaac Newton
One legend says that Isaac Newton discovered gravity
when he saw an apple fall from a tree. Another says
that the apple hit him on the head!
The Scientific Method


New approach to science.
A logical procedure for gathering
knowledge and testing ideas:




Starts with problem or question
observation
arising from an ____________.
___________
Hypothesis formed.
experiment
Hypothesis tested in __________
or through gathering of ________.
data
conclusion
Data analyzed to reach _________
that ______________hypothesis.
proves/disproves
“Old Science” vs. “New Science”
Old (Medieval) Science



Based on abstract ideas
of ancient thinkers.
Reflected _________
church
teachings.
Relied on common sense
to explain _________
physical
world.
New Science


Based on _________
observation
and experimentation.
scientific reasoning
Used ____________
to gather knowledge and
draw conclusions about
the physical world.
New Scientific Instruments

What new tools and instruments helped
scientists make precise observations:

Telescope

Microscope

Barometer

Thermometer
Advances in Medicine




Study of ________through
anatomy
dissection of human corpses
_______
led to greater understanding
of the body and disease.
the heart
Discovery that _________
pumped blood throughout
body.
bacteria and
Discovery of _______
red ________.
blood cells
First ________
vaccine (smallpox).
The Revolution Spreads Beyond Science

Scholars and philosophers
applied scientific approach
reason
(the use of ______)
to all
other areas of life:
Government
Religion
Economics
Education
The Enlightenment


These new thinkers viewed
themselves as rational,
orderly, and “enlightened.”
Became leaders of social and
intellectual movement called
the Enlightenment, or the
Reason
“Age of __________”