Download Greece and Rome Study Guide

Greece and Rome Study Guide Answers (Modified)
Directions: Know the answers to the following questions. Most of them can be found on the timeline I
provided. Some of them you will have to recall from your guided reading, or our class lecture.
Greece
1. What did the Greeks call their city-states? Polis
2. What is democracy? A government that has direct rule of the people
3. Which Greek city-state had the world’s first democratic constitution? Athens
4. What is the Greek word for “love of wisdom?” Philosophy
5. What are the names of the three Greek philosophers we studied? Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
6. Which Greek city-state was Athens’ rival? Sparta
7. What common enemy did Athens and Sparta unite against? The Persians
8. What was the name of the war when Sparta finally defeated Athens? Peloponnesian War
9. What Macedonian ruler created an empire extending from Egypt to India? Alexander the Great
10. Other than his military ability, what else is Alexander the Great known for? Spreading Greek
culture to all of the lands he conquered.
Rome
1. In what way was Rome similar to Athens and Sparta when it began to grow in the 700s BC? It
started as a city-state
2. Who did the Romans borrow much of their culture from? The Greeks
3. What is a republic? A government in which people choose their leaders
4. What is a consul? Individuals chosen by the people of Rome to be their leaders
5. Who were the members of the Senate in Rome and how long did they serve? They were
landowners that served for life.
6. What are the “Twelve Tables”? Bronze tablets that contained the laws of Ancient Rome
7. What did Rome expand into when it began adding more and more land? An empire
8. What did the Romans grant all of the people they conquered? Full Roman citizenship
9. What is an emperor? An absolute ruler of an empire, such as Rome
10. Why did supporters of the Roman Senate kill Julius Caesar in 44 BC? They were afraid that he
would become emperor and take their power away.
11. Who was the first Roman emperor? Caesar Augustus
12. What was the Pax Romana? A 200 year period of peace in the Roman Empire, beginning with
the emperorship of Caesar Augustus
13. Other than government and laws, what were the Romans known for? Their building of
aqueducts, roads, stadiums, and bathhouses
14. What became the official religion of the Roman Empire in the 300s AD? Christianity
15. What city did Emperor Constantine I move the capital city of the Roman Empire to in 330 AD?
Constantinople
16. What peoples invaded the Roman Empire from the North, conquering the Western Roman Empire?
Germanic peoples
17. Who conquered the Eastern Roman Empire in 1453? Ottoman Turks
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