Download astronomy review - Earth Science R: 1(A,C)

ASTRONOMY REVIEW
THE EARTH IN SPACE:
 Celestial Sphere- an imaginary sphere on which objects of the night sky appear
 Motions of the Stars and Planets
 Stars appear to rise in the _____________ and set in the ___________
 Circumpolar planets appear to revolve around Polaris __________________
 The apparent motion of the stars is caused by ________________________
 Planets appear to move in between the stars
 Models of the Night Sky
 Geocentric- has the________________ at the center
 Heliocentric has the _________________ at the center

Proof was in the __________________ Pendulum which also proved that the
Earth ___________________________
 Seasons
 Know the seasons diagram (review book Figure 9-9)


 Know the path of the sun diagram (review book Figure 9-8)

 Shadow is longest when the sun is _______________ in the sky
BEYOND PLANET EARTH:
 Phases of the moon
 Review book figure 10-1

 Caused by the __________________ of the moon around the Earth
 At any given time we can only see a maximum of half of the moon
 Eclipses
 Solar

Occurs during a _____________ moon phase

Only occurs when the Earth, moon and sun are on the same plane
 Lunar

Occurs during a _____________ moon phase

Only occurs when the Earth, moon and sun are on the same plane
 Angular Diameter
 The nearer an object is to an observer, the ______________ the angular diameter
 During the season of ________________ the angular diameter of the sun is the
greatest. The angular diameter is the smallest during the _______________ (due
to the fact at during the summer the Earth is ____________ to the sun then it is in
the winter)
 Tides
 Spring Tide

Occur during __________________ moon phase
 Neap Tides

Occur during _________________ moon phase
 Caused by the _________________________ of the moon and the sun
 Orbits
 Planets orbit the sun in an ________________. The sun serves as on of the two
_________________ points
 Eccentricity- the elongation of an ellipse

Formula is on the Reference Tables
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 Planets have a greater gravitational attraction to the sun when they are
__________________ to the sun
 Planets move faster in their orbits when they are ________________ to the sun
 Solar System
 Reference Tables "Solar System Data"
 Asteroids

Found between Mars and Jupiter

Large objects
 Meteors

Heated by friction as they pass through the Earth's atmosphere, creates a
__________________________
 Comets

Follow an _______________ path around the sun

Produces a tail
 Stars
 Reference Tables "Luminosity and Temperature of Stars"
 Life history of a star

Main sequence to Red Giant to White Dwarf

Energy produced from stars comes from nuclear _______________ (two
hydrogen atoms fuse together to form helium, and release large amounts of
energy)
 Evolution of the Universe
 Big Bang- the explosive origin of the universe
 Evidence

Cosmic background radiation

Red Shift- light that reaches the Earth from distant galaxies show spectral
lines that are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum

Proves that the universe is still __________________