Download Datum: 22. 8. 2011 Projekt OBOGATENO UČENJE TUJIH JEZIKOV

Datum: 22. 8. 2011
Projekt OBOGATENO UČENJE TUJIH JEZIKOV
KONČNO POROČILO
o delu tujega učitelja v šolskem letu 2010/11
Priloga 2
Šola:
Status šole:
Naslov priloge:
Kratek opis (vrsta in
vsebina):
OŠ TRNOVO
MATIČNA ŠOLA
Mains Electricity
Priprava na učni sklop
Priprava besedila za bralno razumevanje
Učni listi
Gre za uporabo maternega jezika pri učenju strokovnega besedišča v
angleščini. Tema je uporaba električne energije v gospodinjstvu. Učni
listi so pripravljeni tako, da učenci s pomočjo maternih besed
prepoznajo nove strokovne besede v angleščini, hkrati pa spoznavajo
nove in koristne vsebine
Ciljni tuji jezik(i):
Št. znakov (s presledki):
Avtor(ji) in delež(i):
angleščina
10,375
Benjamin Tweedie
100 %
Operacijo delno financira Evropska unija iz Evropskega socialnega sklada ter Ministrstvo za šolstvo in šport. Operacija se izvaja v okviru Operativnega programa razvoja človeških virov v obdobju 2007-2013,
razvojne prioritete: Razvoj človeških virov in vseživljenjsko učenje; prednostne usmeritve: Izboljšanje kakovosti in učinkovitosti sistemov izobraževanja in usposabljanja.
LESSON PLAN
DATE:
SUBJECT:
ENGLISH
CLASS:
9. grade
SCHOOL
YEAR:
PERIOD:
2 x 45 mins
TEACHER(S): FT & ST
UNIT: Electricity (Physics)
CONTENT: Mains Electricity
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
•
to become exposed to physics-specific vocabulary in the English language
•
to understand what mains electricity is and why it is not standard world-wide
•
to gain an appreciation of how dangerous mains electricity can be to the unwary
TEACHING MATERIALS/AIDS:
•
Pupil notebooks
•
Handout
•
Whiteboard / Markers
•
English ↔ Slovene dictionary
WORK TYPES
teacher-led
individual
pair work
TEACHING STRATEGIES
interview
working with text
listening
exercise
differentiation
LESSON STAGES:
1.
Attention getter/revision. Write the following keywords on the whiteboard:
current, voltage, resistance, circuit, series, parallel & power
Ask for volunteers to write the Slovene equivalent for each keyword on the whiteboard, and to
explain in Slovene (MT) the meaning of each keyword (with the aid of a diagram as required)
2.
Pre-teach vocabulary. Dictate each sentence to the pupils; they must write each sentence into
their notebooks.
If you have a 'preveč' of something, you have an abundance or too much.
A 'standard' is the accepted norm that is used by everybody.
The 'prihod' of something is its arrival.
A 'vtikač' and 'vtičnica' are devices which are used to connect electrical devices to the mains
power supply.
If something is 'nasprotna' it follows a different direction or path.
An 'adapter' is a device which makes it possible to connect a device with a different
plug/socket type.
A 'pretvornik' is a device which changes something into a different form.
If you have 'preostalo', it is what remains of something after most of it has gone.
The number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time is called 'frekvenca'.
2
Ask the pupils to attempt (in pairs) to find the correct English translation of each Slovene
keyword:
• first, by deduction, and
• second, by using an English ↔ Slovene dictionary
English keywords
plethora standard advent plug and socket divergent
adapter converter residual frequency
3.
Reading task. Distribute the reading task sheet and ask the pupils to read the text individually
to themselves; they should underline any remaining language that they do not understand.
If there are two teachers present, split the class into two ability levels with the Slovene Teacher
working with the less-gifted English pupils. Each teacher then answers any further questions
about confusing language.
4.
Comprehension task. Distribute the comprehension task sheet and ask the pupils to attempt
all the questions (except for the pair work). Tell the pupils to check their answers with their peers in
the first instance. Next, check the answers as a class.
Tell the pupils to commence the pair work. Monitor the work of individual pairs and select a
small sample to conduct their interview in front of the whole class.
HOMEWORK:
The pupils must utilise the new vocabulary in a 250-word newspaper report (in English language)
about Mains Electricity. Emphasise that they can assume that the author of the text is their class
teacher for the purposes of reported speech.
3
Reading Comprehension Text
Mains Electricity
What standards exist?
There are two main standards of mains power systems in use worldwide: the North American and the
European standards. Each standard differs in the voltage, frequency and plug/socket arrangement that
it uses.
Standard
Voltage (V)
Frequency (Hz)
Plug and socket type
North American
120
60
A&B
European
220 – 240
50
C-M
Other countries on different continents have adopted either standard or a mixture of each standard. In
some places, like Hong Kong, they use the same voltage as China, but British-style plugs and sockets
(this is due to its former status as a British territory).
What are power plugs and sockets?
Power plugs and sockets are devices designed to provide a relatively safe
method for attaching appliances to a power source. Because a power plug is
inserted into the power socket, a power plug is usually referred to as being
'male' whilst the power socket is 'female'. A power plug completes the
circuit between the power source and the appliance by feeding power into
the appliance (via the 'live' pin) and drawing unused power back to the
power plug power socket
power source (via the 'neutral' pin). Both 2-pin and 3-pin power plugs
function in this manner. In a 3-pin plug, the additional pin is the 'earth'; it
connects the appliance to the building's earth ground as a protection against faults. Smaller electrical
appliances like hair-dryers usually only have a 2-pin plug because they are already 'double-insulated';
they have 2 layers which encase the live parts and prevent electric shock.
To be polarised or unpolarised?
Power plugs can be either polarised or unpolarised. If you look at an Australian plug,
there is only one way it can be plugged-into the power socket – it is an example of a
polarised plug as the live and neutral conductors of the socket are connected to their
respective poles of the appliance.
Australian socket
Conversely, if you look at a 'Euro' plug, it can be plugged
into the power socket either way, so the live and neutral wires are connected
arbitrarily. This plug type is unpolarised and can result in some appliances,
like toasters, remaining live, even when switched-off. Therefore, you need to
be careful when plugging in unpolarised plugs.
Europlug socket
4
What are fuses and circuit breakers?
A fuse is a protection device which blows (melts) when too much current flows through it,
thus interrupting and preventing further damage to an electrical circuit caused by overload
or short circuit. But, nowadays, fuses are rarely used with mains power since they a blown
fuse needs to be replaced manually. In most countries, fuses have now been replaced by
circuit breakers.
fuse
A circuit breaker has the advantage that unlike a fuse which operates once and has to
be replaced, it can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal
operation. A house's circuit breaker box contains all of the household's circuit breakers
(for example, lights, stove, hot water etc.)
circuit
breaker
How does mains power affect the travelling public?
Before the advent of low-cost international air travel, the development of divergent mains
power systems was not problematic since people did not travel. However, nowadays, most
travellers take a plethora of electronic devices with them like laptop computers, cameras, mp3
'Euro' plug
players and mobile phones. So, the simple task of recharging your laptop computer is now
complicated because your electrical power plug can be of a different type from the local standard.
Whilst this is not an issue across continental Europe due its use of the 'Euro' plug, it is a problem if
you travel, for example, from Slovenia to Canada. Some examples of different systems are
summarised below.
Country
Australia
Canada
United Kingdom
Voltage (V)
240
120
230
Plug / Socket
Some countries, like Australia and the UK, also utilise a switch as an additional level of safety.
Adapters and converters
Fortunately, travellers are now able to purchase travel adapters which can easily allow the
interconnection of normally-incompatible plugs and sockets.
However, travel adapters do not solve the problem of incompatible voltages, like when you
try to use a laptop with a European power supply in the USA.
In these situations, a voltage converter must be used. Usually, when you purchase a
voltage converter, it also includes the required adapter. However, it should be noted
that a voltage converter doesn't change the mains frequency; this could result in
overheating of equipment which is designed for a different frequency, even just a 10
Hz difference is significant.
References:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power_plugs_and_sockets
5
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa/electricity/mainselectrev1.shtml
6
Reading Comprehension Activity
Mains Electricity
Answer the following questions in your notebook individually unless otherwise directed.
1.
Match each term with its definition:
plethora, standard, plug & socket, residual, adapter,
converter, advent, divergent, frequency
a. The number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time.
b. A device which changes something into a different form.
c. The remnants of something after most of it has gone.
d. Something which follows a different direction or path.
e. You have an abundance or too much of something.
f.
Devices which are used to connect electrical devices to the mains power supply.
g. A device which allows you to connect a device with a different plug/socket type.
h. The accepted norm that is used by everybody.
i.
The arrival of something.
2.
Are the following statements True or False?
(a)
There are 3 mains power standards in world-wide use.
True / False
(b)
The commonly used frequency in Europe is 50 Hz.
True / False
(c)
China uses British-style electrical plugs.
True / False
(d)
Power plugs are referred to as being 'male'.
True / False
(e)
A two-pin electrical plug has a live and earth wire.
True / False
(f)
You need to be careful when using unpolarised plugs.
True / False
(g)
Fuses are reusable.
True / False
(h)
You use adapters when the voltage supply is different.
True / False
(i)
A difference in the mains electricity frequency is OK.
True / False
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3.
Correctly label each device:
4.
Some of the vocabulary you used in this article was used in a 'electricity-related' context, but
can also have other meanings. Can you deduce which definition relates to what term from question 1?
(a)
a hollow in which an eye or hip fits
(b)
a type of flag
(c)
how often something happens
(d)
a device which allows 2 or more pieces of equipment to connect to the same socket
(e)
a measure of quality
(f)
to fill a hole with something
(g)
a person who makes slight changes to a book or play so that it can be performed
(h)
the period of 4 weeks prior to Christmas
Complete the remaining questions in pairs by conducting an interview.
5.
Your friend is going on an overseas holiday. She plans to take her laptop computer, ipod,
mobile and digital camera. What advice would you give to her, so that her electrical devices work
correctly and can be re-charged whilst she is on holiday in the following scenarios?
(a)
She is travelling from Slovenia to France.
(b)
She is travelling from Slovenia to the United Kingdom.
(c)
She is travelling from Slovenia to the United States.
6.
Answer the following questions. “Why is it ...
(a)
difficult for the world to adopt one standard for electrical plugs and sockets?
(b)
better to use circuit breakers than fuses for electrical circuitry protection?
8