Download Present Participle

Participles, Gerunds & Infinitives
Participles, Gerunds and Infinitives are called verbals. Verbals are words which are
formed from a verb but which function as a different part of speech.
GERUND

Gerund as subject (sustantivo):
A gerund is formed by adding –ing to a verb. It functions as a noun.
Swimming(natación) is very good for the body.
Smoking is prohibited in the hospital.
Travelling(viajes) might satisfy your desire for new experiences.

Gerund as object of preposition (después de preposición):
The police arrested him for speeding (velocidad).
Before going to bed (acostarse) he turned off the light
Instead of studying for her exams, she went out every night.
After (después),before (antes), by (por), in, instead of (en vez de), on, without (sin)

Adjectives (with Prepositions) followed by the Gerund
I am interested in visiting the museum.
bad at (malo para), good at ( bueno para), interested in (interesado en), like
(como), proud of (orgulloso de), sick of (aburrido de)

Verbs followed by the Gerund
I enjoy cooking.
dislike (disgustar), enjoy (entretener) , go (in go swimming), like (gustar), mind
(interesar), stop (detener), suggest (sugerir)
Examples
1. She is good at dancing .
2. I don't like playing cards.
3. You should give up smoking .
4. Sam dreams of being a pop star.
5. He is interested in making friends.
6. My uncle is afraid of going by plane.
7. We insist on cooking the dinner ourselves.
INFINITIVE
Certain words are followed by an infinite verb with or without ‘to’.

Infinitive after certain Verbs (with to)
Decide (decider), pretend (finger), stop (cesar), seem (parecer)
He refused to pay the bill.

Infinitive after certain Verbs with an Object (with 'to')
Advise(recomendar), encourage ( animar), get (dejar), help (ayudar),
save(ahorrar)
She got me to wash the dishes.

Infinitive after certain Adjectives
Easy, difficult
It was impossible to go back.
PARTICIPLE
Present Participle
The present participle is the ing-form. You surely know this form:

from progressive / continuous tenses (e. g. Present Progressive) :
I am speaking.

as an adjective form.
The film is interesting.

The present participle can be used to describe the following verbs:
come, go, sit:

The girl sat crying on the sofa.
The present participle can also be used after verbs of the senses if we do not
want to emphasise that the action was completed. (see Infinitive or Ing-Form)
feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch
Did you see him dancing?
Examples
The woman was waiting for the dentist.
Michael was bragging (presumiendo) about winning the race.
The man was teerering (tambaleando)across the tightrope(cuerda)
We read an interesting book
You enjoyed an exciting film
They came jumping the rope.
She did not see the car coming closer.
I found my two cats sitting on the table.