Elaborating on Elaborations: Role of Maternal Reminiscing Style in
... personal past, a skill that is arguably culturally and socially mediated. Narratives move beyond simply reporting on what happened, to include information that places the event in spatial and temporal context, and that evaluates the event in terms of what it means for the self (Bruner, 1990; Fivush ...
... personal past, a skill that is arguably culturally and socially mediated. Narratives move beyond simply reporting on what happened, to include information that places the event in spatial and temporal context, and that evaluates the event in terms of what it means for the self (Bruner, 1990; Fivush ...
Brandon Robert Brace Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Christopher Leone
... 9/11/2001. Perhaps she is again asked to think about events on 9/11/2001. She may employ schemas to remember other information. She may think about that day and recall seeing broken windows and debris on the ground around her. She may not have actually seen those details until generating that inform ...
... 9/11/2001. Perhaps she is again asked to think about events on 9/11/2001. She may employ schemas to remember other information. She may think about that day and recall seeing broken windows and debris on the ground around her. She may not have actually seen those details until generating that inform ...
Affective Influences on Cognition
... thought that most complex affective reactions acquired throughout life are established as a result of just such cumulative patterns of incidental associations. In another classic study, Razran (1940) showed that subjects evaluated sociopolitical messages more favorably when in a good than in a bad m ...
... thought that most complex affective reactions acquired throughout life are established as a result of just such cumulative patterns of incidental associations. In another classic study, Razran (1940) showed that subjects evaluated sociopolitical messages more favorably when in a good than in a bad m ...
Compliance
... expertise. One study showed that 3 times as many pedestrians were willing to follow a man into traffic against the red light when he was merely dressed as an authority in a business suit and tie. ...
... expertise. One study showed that 3 times as many pedestrians were willing to follow a man into traffic against the red light when he was merely dressed as an authority in a business suit and tie. ...
Feelings and Phenomenal Experiences
... valenced material is more likely to be recalled in positive (negative) moods. Although these hypotheses are conceptually distinct, they are often difficult to distinguish empirically (Morris, 1989). In fact, mood congruent recall has been most reliably observed in the domain of autobiographical memo ...
... valenced material is more likely to be recalled in positive (negative) moods. Although these hypotheses are conceptually distinct, they are often difficult to distinguish empirically (Morris, 1989). In fact, mood congruent recall has been most reliably observed in the domain of autobiographical memo ...
Culture and Repressive Coping:
... emotion stimulus words (e.g., happy, guilt) and given a short period of time to recall or list autobiographical memories associated with each word. The result showed that repressors had limited accessibility to personal, real-life experiences about the feelings of fear and self- ...
... emotion stimulus words (e.g., happy, guilt) and given a short period of time to recall or list autobiographical memories associated with each word. The result showed that repressors had limited accessibility to personal, real-life experiences about the feelings of fear and self- ...
The Referents of Trait Inferences: The Impact of Trait
... target individual is contrasted. Moskowitz and Roman (1992), however, interpreted their findings in a different manner. They suggested that assimilation of ambiguous stimulus information to an activated construct depends on the extent to which one is unaware of the source of the fortuitous activatio ...
... target individual is contrasted. Moskowitz and Roman (1992), however, interpreted their findings in a different manner. They suggested that assimilation of ambiguous stimulus information to an activated construct depends on the extent to which one is unaware of the source of the fortuitous activatio ...
self-confidence and personal motivation
... In most societies, self—confidence is widely regarded as a valuable individual asset. Going back at least to William James, an important strand in psychology has advocated “believing in oneself” as a key to personal success. Today, an enormous “self—help” industry flourishes, a sizeable part of whic ...
... In most societies, self—confidence is widely regarded as a valuable individual asset. Going back at least to William James, an important strand in psychology has advocated “believing in oneself” as a key to personal success. Today, an enormous “self—help” industry flourishes, a sizeable part of whic ...
Main article: List of memory biases
... results of a joint action than an outside observer would credit them with. ...
... results of a joint action than an outside observer would credit them with. ...
Some effects of everyday moods and possible individual differences
... pursuing this type of individual difference. In a first study they found effects of positive and negative moods on ability to recall mood congruent trait words for females but not for males. (This occurred despite there being no gender differences in self-reported mood before or after the mood induc ...
... pursuing this type of individual difference. In a first study they found effects of positive and negative moods on ability to recall mood congruent trait words for females but not for males. (This occurred despite there being no gender differences in self-reported mood before or after the mood induc ...
Belief and Feeling: Evidence for an Accessibility Model
... nor retrieved. For example, one can remember the fact that riding a roller coaster involved a thrilling sense of free fall, but one cannot retrieve that (or any other) actual experience from the ride. Indeed, if one could truly store and replay the actual experience of riding a roller coaster, there ...
... nor retrieved. For example, one can remember the fact that riding a roller coaster involved a thrilling sense of free fall, but one cannot retrieve that (or any other) actual experience from the ride. Indeed, if one could truly store and replay the actual experience of riding a roller coaster, there ...
Power Reduces the Press of the Situation: Implications for Creativity
... that the powerful (a) generate creative ideas that are less influenced by salient examples, (b) express attitudes that conform less to the expressed opinions of others, (c) are more influenced by their own social value orientation relative to the reputation of a negotiating opponent, and (d) perceiv ...
... that the powerful (a) generate creative ideas that are less influenced by salient examples, (b) express attitudes that conform less to the expressed opinions of others, (c) are more influenced by their own social value orientation relative to the reputation of a negotiating opponent, and (d) perceiv ...
SOCIAL INFLUENCE: Compliance and Conformity
... influence research, as investigators attempt to uncover the ways in which targets’ implicit and explicit goals affect information processing and decision-making in influence contexts. As an organizational framework, this chapter focuses on the extent to which three central motivations—to be accurate ...
... influence research, as investigators attempt to uncover the ways in which targets’ implicit and explicit goals affect information processing and decision-making in influence contexts. As an organizational framework, this chapter focuses on the extent to which three central motivations—to be accurate ...
A memory advantage for untrustworthy faces
... obtained in an economic game. Distinct from the majority of previous work in this research area, we therefore implemented an undirected (i.e., passive-viewing) incidentalencoding method of introducing perceivers to the targets and measured how properties of the faces’ inferred traits might relate to ...
... obtained in an economic game. Distinct from the majority of previous work in this research area, we therefore implemented an undirected (i.e., passive-viewing) incidentalencoding method of introducing perceivers to the targets and measured how properties of the faces’ inferred traits might relate to ...
Conformity and Dissent - Chicago Unbound
... if social influences are encouraging people to conceal information that they have, or if the blind are leading the blind, serious problems are likely. There is a further point. With relatively small "shocks," similar groups can be lead, by social pressures, to dramatically different beliefs and acti ...
... if social influences are encouraging people to conceal information that they have, or if the blind are leading the blind, serious problems are likely. There is a further point. With relatively small "shocks," similar groups can be lead, by social pressures, to dramatically different beliefs and acti ...
Mechanisms of self-protection
... We demonstrated mnemic neglect in a laboratory context characterized by relatively high mundane realism (Sedikides & Green, 2000, Experiment 1). Participants completed a 45-item computer-administered personality scale (the alleged Michigan Omnibus Personality Inventory or MOPI). The MOPI was ostensi ...
... We demonstrated mnemic neglect in a laboratory context characterized by relatively high mundane realism (Sedikides & Green, 2000, Experiment 1). Participants completed a 45-item computer-administered personality scale (the alleged Michigan Omnibus Personality Inventory or MOPI). The MOPI was ostensi ...
Knowledge Check Answers
... Zimbardo and his colleagues (Haney et al. 1973) set up a mock prison in the basement of the psychology department at Stanford University. They recruited 24 ‘emotionally stable’ students determined by psychological testing – randomly assigned roles of guards or prisoners. Within two days, the priso ...
... Zimbardo and his colleagues (Haney et al. 1973) set up a mock prison in the basement of the psychology department at Stanford University. They recruited 24 ‘emotionally stable’ students determined by psychological testing – randomly assigned roles of guards or prisoners. Within two days, the priso ...
Prejudice - Central Magnet School
... AP: Variables Contributing to Altruism, Aggression, and Attraction/How Heredity, Environment, and Evolution Shape Behavior ...
... AP: Variables Contributing to Altruism, Aggression, and Attraction/How Heredity, Environment, and Evolution Shape Behavior ...
Economic Profits Enhance Trust, Perceived Integrity and
... In each trial in the trust game, the participant plays with one of the partners and first chooses a high risk (30 UEC) or a low risk (15 UEC) investment with the partner (Fig. 2). This investment is automatically multiplied by the ‘‘Multiplier Rate (MR)’’ as an experimental condition. Then the partn ...
... In each trial in the trust game, the participant plays with one of the partners and first chooses a high risk (30 UEC) or a low risk (15 UEC) investment with the partner (Fig. 2). This investment is automatically multiplied by the ‘‘Multiplier Rate (MR)’’ as an experimental condition. Then the partn ...
Internalized False Confessions
... likely not his own. As for the witness, she had once before been charged with forgery in another matter. In short, there was no evidence of Cope’s involvement other than his original confessions. Yet after only five hours of deliberation, a South Carolina jury voted to convict him. In criminal justi ...
... likely not his own. As for the witness, she had once before been charged with forgery in another matter. In short, there was no evidence of Cope’s involvement other than his original confessions. Yet after only five hours of deliberation, a South Carolina jury voted to convict him. In criminal justi ...
Do Amnesics Exhibit Cognitive Dissonance
... Current Models of Attitude Change Explicit memory plays an important role in the dominant models of behavior-induced attitude change. Festinger’s (1957) theory of cognitive dissonance posits that when a person’s actions and attitudes are discrepant, physiological arousal results, leading to psycholo ...
... Current Models of Attitude Change Explicit memory plays an important role in the dominant models of behavior-induced attitude change. Festinger’s (1957) theory of cognitive dissonance posits that when a person’s actions and attitudes are discrepant, physiological arousal results, leading to psycholo ...
The relationship between confidence and accuracy
... (Keren, 1987; Koriat, Lichtenstein, & Fischhoff, 1980; Stephenson, 1984; Stephenson et al., 1983). Many researchers who have questioned individual’s memory for general knowledge have found a strong CA relationship (Barclay & Wellman, 1986; Perfect, 2004; Schneider & Laurion, 1993; Tomassini et al., ...
... (Keren, 1987; Koriat, Lichtenstein, & Fischhoff, 1980; Stephenson, 1984; Stephenson et al., 1983). Many researchers who have questioned individual’s memory for general knowledge have found a strong CA relationship (Barclay & Wellman, 1986; Perfect, 2004; Schneider & Laurion, 1993; Tomassini et al., ...
psychology_primary_source_material
... Nietzsche’s idea of an overman and life from his point of view Nietzsche's idea of "the overman" (Ubermensch) is one of the most significant concept in his thinking. Even though it is mentioned very briefly only in the prologue of Thus Spoke Zarathustra, it might be sensible to conceive that Nietzs ...
... Nietzsche’s idea of an overman and life from his point of view Nietzsche's idea of "the overman" (Ubermensch) is one of the most significant concept in his thinking. Even though it is mentioned very briefly only in the prologue of Thus Spoke Zarathustra, it might be sensible to conceive that Nietzs ...
Looking Back in Time: Self-Concept Change Affects Visual
... 2000; Wilson & Ross, 2001). This is likely related to the role of attribution in defining the temporally extended self. Invoking the notion of an old self when describing past discrepant behavior implies that the past self actively determined that behavior and was not simply forced to behave that wa ...
... 2000; Wilson & Ross, 2001). This is likely related to the role of attribution in defining the temporally extended self. Invoking the notion of an old self when describing past discrepant behavior implies that the past self actively determined that behavior and was not simply forced to behave that wa ...
Here
... Childhood Recollections Across Cultures Cross-cultural studies have generated converging evidence that compared with their Asian counterparts, Westerners, both children and adults, are able to recall their earliest childhood memories from a younger age and are better at accessing childhood memories ...
... Childhood Recollections Across Cultures Cross-cultural studies have generated converging evidence that compared with their Asian counterparts, Westerners, both children and adults, are able to recall their earliest childhood memories from a younger age and are better at accessing childhood memories ...
Memory conformity
Memory conformity, also known as social contagion of memory, refers to a situation in which one person's report of a memory influences another person’s report of that same experience. This interference often occurs when individuals discuss what they saw or experienced, and can result in the memories of those involved being influenced by the report of another person. Research on memory conformity has revealed that such suggestibility has far reaching consequences, with important legal and social implications. It is one of many social influences on memory.A major component of memory conformity is source monitoring (or source memory). Source monitoring refers to the process by which an individual determines where they learned certain information (friend, TV show, teacher etc.). A source-monitoring error can lead to an incorrect internal attribution of a memory (a belief that the memory was made from first-hand experience), when in reality that information had an external source (someone else relayed that material/memory). Studies have shown that social interaction can increase source-monitoring errors, with some studies showing that participants attributed their memory to an incorrect source approximately 50% of the time.Three ways that contribute to memory conformity are: normative influences, information influences and memory distortion. Normative and informational influences on memory are both social influences that can lead to conformity (a modification of behavior in response to actual or imagined pressure from others). Social influence can have a strong impact on the retrieval process of memories. Potential social conformity may be affected by factors such as power and confidence (both in oneself and in the credibility of a collaborator). This influence can alter memories, making them partially or entirely false. Memory distortion, closely tied with the misinformation effect, describes an impairment in memory that surfaces after exposure to misleading information.Memory conformity is prominent in situations involving social interaction, media broadcasting and eyewitness testimony.