crustal velocity structure of the rukwa rift in the western
... changes between those layers could explain the large amplitude peaks of these phases. In the initial modeling step, we used the 1D model from Langston et al. (2002), and added several lowvelocity near-surface layers to simulate the effects of the sedimentary basin fill (Figure 6). One of the models ...
... changes between those layers could explain the large amplitude peaks of these phases. In the initial modeling step, we used the 1D model from Langston et al. (2002), and added several lowvelocity near-surface layers to simulate the effects of the sedimentary basin fill (Figure 6). One of the models ...
The South Iceland Seismic Zone: tectonic and sismotectonic
... observed in the ®eld show evidences of syn-tectonic mineral growth, indicating a creep-type, non-seismic displacement, many other surfaces are clearly related to earthquake events (seismic). For example, large slip occurred on several faults in the VoÈrdufell mountain, in the central part of the SIS ...
... observed in the ®eld show evidences of syn-tectonic mineral growth, indicating a creep-type, non-seismic displacement, many other surfaces are clearly related to earthquake events (seismic). For example, large slip occurred on several faults in the VoÈrdufell mountain, in the central part of the SIS ...
TOPICAL REPORT YMPITR-002-NP: METHODOLOGY TO ASSESS FAULT DISPLACEMENTAND VIBRATORY GROUND
... Subpart B to Part 60 addresses the regulatory requirements for the license application (LA). Within Subpart B, Section 60.15 provides that the DOE shall conduct site characterization activities to collect information to support its LA; Section 60.21 identifies the information and assessments to be i ...
... Subpart B to Part 60 addresses the regulatory requirements for the license application (LA). Within Subpart B, Section 60.15 provides that the DOE shall conduct site characterization activities to collect information to support its LA; Section 60.21 identifies the information and assessments to be i ...
The Performance of Earthquake Strengthened URM Buildings in the
... can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural element used to assist with connecting various parts of the building, such as between floors and walls. In URM buildings an ...
... can be used to assess both the seismic inertial forces induced in an elastically responding structure and the amount of induced displacement relative to the ground A structural element used to assist with connecting various parts of the building, such as between floors and walls. In URM buildings an ...
GUIDE TO PLATE TECTONICS AND EARTHQUAKES
... The distribution and properties of plates and the motions at different kinds of plate boundaries explain global-scale patterns of earthquakes and volcanoes. The Plate Tectonic PowerPoint Presentation is an introduction to plate tectonics with links to teaching resources tailored for a middle school ...
... The distribution and properties of plates and the motions at different kinds of plate boundaries explain global-scale patterns of earthquakes and volcanoes. The Plate Tectonic PowerPoint Presentation is an introduction to plate tectonics with links to teaching resources tailored for a middle school ...
Nakajima_etal_GRL200.. - Research School of Earth Sciences
... 2007; Nakajima et al., 2008] as well as numerical simulation of subduction-induced flow [Iwamori, 2000]. [5] This tectonic framework provides us with the best opportunity through an actual subduction environment to evaluate the effect of temperatures on dehydration reactions independently of other p ...
... 2007; Nakajima et al., 2008] as well as numerical simulation of subduction-induced flow [Iwamori, 2000]. [5] This tectonic framework provides us with the best opportunity through an actual subduction environment to evaluate the effect of temperatures on dehydration reactions independently of other p ...
Structural reliability for structural engineers evaluating
... The formulation in this paper is viewed as a direct extension of the over half century old tradition of a safety factor used by structural engineers. The references listed at the end of the paper provide examples of published literature for the interested reader. These references are: Ang and Cornel ...
... The formulation in this paper is viewed as a direct extension of the over half century old tradition of a safety factor used by structural engineers. The references listed at the end of the paper provide examples of published literature for the interested reader. These references are: Ang and Cornel ...
Atlantic Ridge − spreading Mid − Evidence for accumulated melt
... Smallwood et al. 1995) have failed to find evidence for a significant crustal melt body. Arguments based on thermal modelling have shown that the heat flux into the crust associated with magma delivery from the mantle is insufficient to maintain a steady-state crustal melt body, even of small dimens ...
... Smallwood et al. 1995) have failed to find evidence for a significant crustal melt body. Arguments based on thermal modelling have shown that the heat flux into the crust associated with magma delivery from the mantle is insufficient to maintain a steady-state crustal melt body, even of small dimens ...
Two species of microcracks
... pervasive rock-mass criticality (Crampin, 2003b, 2004, 2006; Crampin and Gao, 2013). We refer to these lowstress cracks as ‘crack-critical microcracks’ (CCM). CCM are important for understanding and evaluating largescale solid-Earth deformation in the New Geophysics, where all strain deformation nec ...
... pervasive rock-mass criticality (Crampin, 2003b, 2004, 2006; Crampin and Gao, 2013). We refer to these lowstress cracks as ‘crack-critical microcracks’ (CCM). CCM are important for understanding and evaluating largescale solid-Earth deformation in the New Geophysics, where all strain deformation nec ...
Moreno, MS
... of the earthquake cycle [e.g., Thatcher and Rundle, 1979; Thatcher, 1984]. This cycle is a transient and repetitive process conditioned by the mechanical coupling between the continental and oceanic plates. During the interseismic phase of the earthquake cycle, high coupling between both plates resu ...
... of the earthquake cycle [e.g., Thatcher and Rundle, 1979; Thatcher, 1984]. This cycle is a transient and repetitive process conditioned by the mechanical coupling between the continental and oceanic plates. During the interseismic phase of the earthquake cycle, high coupling between both plates resu ...
Crustal architecture of the Capricorn Orogen, Western Australia and
... traverses (10GA–CP1, 10GA–CP2, and 10GA–CP3) through the well-exposed western part of the orogen. These data were interpreted in conjunction with 400 mline-spaced aeromagnetic and 2.5 km-spaced regional gravity data, as well as detailed gravity and magnetotelluric data that were collected along the ...
... traverses (10GA–CP1, 10GA–CP2, and 10GA–CP3) through the well-exposed western part of the orogen. These data were interpreted in conjunction with 400 mline-spaced aeromagnetic and 2.5 km-spaced regional gravity data, as well as detailed gravity and magnetotelluric data that were collected along the ...
Receiver Functions of Seismic Waves in Layered Anisotropic Media
... as being due to crack-induced anisotropy, which is caused by the alignment of open cracks produced by the maximum principal stress (Crampin, 1981). In the Chugoku district, the direction of maximum principal stress is known to be in a nearly northwest–southeast direction (Ando, 1979; Tsukahara and K ...
... as being due to crack-induced anisotropy, which is caused by the alignment of open cracks produced by the maximum principal stress (Crampin, 1981). In the Chugoku district, the direction of maximum principal stress is known to be in a nearly northwest–southeast direction (Ando, 1979; Tsukahara and K ...
Constraints on the source parameters of low
... however, we mitigate its effect by using multiple eGfs for each target LFE (see section 2 for further details). Second, to use one of the deep earthquakes near Parkfield as an eGf for an LFE requires that the two events have substantially different durations so that the eGf approximates the earth res ...
... however, we mitigate its effect by using multiple eGfs for each target LFE (see section 2 for further details). Second, to use one of the deep earthquakes near Parkfield as an eGf for an LFE requires that the two events have substantially different durations so that the eGf approximates the earth res ...
Hunting for oceanic island Moho
... In addition, the application of the Zhu and Kanamori method to our RFs assuming a single-layered crust resulted in three different solutions for crustal thickness. This indicates the presence of three well-defined interfaces below the surface with physical differences (potentially compositional or f ...
... In addition, the application of the Zhu and Kanamori method to our RFs assuming a single-layered crust resulted in three different solutions for crustal thickness. This indicates the presence of three well-defined interfaces below the surface with physical differences (potentially compositional or f ...
The Lithosphere – Asthenosphere System: Nature of the Tectonic
... Shun-ichiro Karato, Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University Partial melt origin of the asthenosphere has been a widely popular model for several decades. However, recent studies of partial melting and of the influence of partial melt on physical properties cast serious doubt as to this c ...
... Shun-ichiro Karato, Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University Partial melt origin of the asthenosphere has been a widely popular model for several decades. However, recent studies of partial melting and of the influence of partial melt on physical properties cast serious doubt as to this c ...
Complex seismic trace analysis and its application to time
... information about the seismic trace. The instantaneous attributes characterize waveform. Instantaneous amplitude measures acoustic impedance contrast such as gas accumulation (bright spots) and major lithological variation, and is sensitive to interference such as tuning effect. Instantaneous phase, ...
... information about the seismic trace. The instantaneous attributes characterize waveform. Instantaneous amplitude measures acoustic impedance contrast such as gas accumulation (bright spots) and major lithological variation, and is sensitive to interference such as tuning effect. Instantaneous phase, ...
d(M|s) - University of Utah`s Tomography and Modeling/Migration
... Every VSP source at different S reflects off M And recorded at g We accidentally found specular ray for given (M,g), & stationary phase says this is dominant contribution. Uninteresting Part of Medium s ...
... Every VSP source at different S reflects off M And recorded at g We accidentally found specular ray for given (M,g), & stationary phase says this is dominant contribution. Uninteresting Part of Medium s ...
Earthquake engineering
Earthquake engineering or Seismic engineering is a branch of engineering that searches for ways to make structures, such as buildings and bridges, resistant to earthquake damage. Earthquake engineer, better known as a seismic engineer aim to develop building techniques that will prevent any damage in a minor quake and avoid serious damage or collapse in a major shake. It is the scientific field concerned with protecting society, the natural environment, and the man-made environment from earthquakes by limiting the seismic risk to socio-economically acceptable levels. Traditionally, it has been narrowly defined as the study of the behavior of structures and geo-structures subject to seismic loading; it is considered as a subset of both structural and geotechnical engineering. However, the tremendous costs experienced in recent earthquakes have led to an expansion of its scope to encompass disciplines from the wider field of civil engineering, mechanical engineering and from the social sciences, especially sociology, political science, economics and finance. The main objectives of earthquake engineering are: Foresee the potential consequences of strong earthquakes on urban areas and civil infrastructure. Design, construct and maintain structures to perform at earthquake exposure up to the expectations and in compliance with building codes.A properly engineered structure does not necessarily have to be extremely strong or expensive. It has to be properly designed to withstand the seismic effects while sustaining an acceptable level of damage.