Ranjit Kumar
... luminescence of these 20 strains was also studied. In this part of experiment, visual scoring was done to categorize the luminescence. In case of salinity, it has been found that up to 6% of NaCl the intense of luminescence was good and thereafter it declined. Further, in some strains it was complet ...
... luminescence of these 20 strains was also studied. In this part of experiment, visual scoring was done to categorize the luminescence. In case of salinity, it has been found that up to 6% of NaCl the intense of luminescence was good and thereafter it declined. Further, in some strains it was complet ...
Fibrolytic Rumen Bacteria: Their Ecology and Functions
... different mode of fiber attachment between F. succinogenes and R. flavefaciens. F. succinogenes tightly attaches to the surface of plant fiber and releases small vesicles (Cheng et al., 1983/1984; Gaudet and Gaillard, 1987). No vesicle formation was observed in R. flavefaciens cells attached to plan ...
... different mode of fiber attachment between F. succinogenes and R. flavefaciens. F. succinogenes tightly attaches to the surface of plant fiber and releases small vesicles (Cheng et al., 1983/1984; Gaudet and Gaillard, 1987). No vesicle formation was observed in R. flavefaciens cells attached to plan ...
Local and Regional Anesthesia in Cattle
... Aspiration ensures that the ventral maxillary artery has not been penetrated [1,2]. Approximately 15 mL of local anesthetic is then injected. Both the retrobulbar block and the Peterson eye block prevent blinking for several hours [1]. The cornea must be kept moist if these blocks are used for proce ...
... Aspiration ensures that the ventral maxillary artery has not been penetrated [1,2]. Approximately 15 mL of local anesthetic is then injected. Both the retrobulbar block and the Peterson eye block prevent blinking for several hours [1]. The cornea must be kept moist if these blocks are used for proce ...
How to access the axillary vein Peter Belott, MD HANDS ON
... defined by the pectoralis major– clavicular junction. The surface of the pectoralis major muscle is clearly visualized superiorly under the edge of the incision. The incision is held open with a Weitlaner retractor, which is continuously repositioned for optimal exposure. The purpose of this dissect ...
... defined by the pectoralis major– clavicular junction. The surface of the pectoralis major muscle is clearly visualized superiorly under the edge of the incision. The incision is held open with a Weitlaner retractor, which is continuously repositioned for optimal exposure. The purpose of this dissect ...
postphagocytic bactericidal activity of buffalo
... presence of dead bacteria which stained greeli. The PPBA was not evident in all of the phagocytically active neutrophils. Some neutrophils showed PPBA on all the ingested bacteria whereas, a few neutrophils killed only someof the ingested bacteria. Table 1also gives the mean and the SEM for the perc ...
... presence of dead bacteria which stained greeli. The PPBA was not evident in all of the phagocytically active neutrophils. Some neutrophils showed PPBA on all the ingested bacteria whereas, a few neutrophils killed only someof the ingested bacteria. Table 1also gives the mean and the SEM for the perc ...
Survival strategies of two small marine ciliates and their role in
... Grazing experiments were carried out in a final volume of 20ml batch cultures in autoclaved filtered seawater contained in 40ml volume particle-free sterile vessels. Three replicate vessels were prepared for each of the 31 sampling intervals for both Uronema and Euplotes grazing experiments; the sam ...
... Grazing experiments were carried out in a final volume of 20ml batch cultures in autoclaved filtered seawater contained in 40ml volume particle-free sterile vessels. Three replicate vessels were prepared for each of the 31 sampling intervals for both Uronema and Euplotes grazing experiments; the sam ...
Induction of type I interferons by bacteria.
... a variety of specialized secretion systems. Secretion systems are commonly employed by bacterial pathogens to deliver effector proteins to the cell cytosol from a phagosome or extracellular location. Although translocated effectors allow pathogens to manipulate their hosts, molecules delivered to th ...
... a variety of specialized secretion systems. Secretion systems are commonly employed by bacterial pathogens to deliver effector proteins to the cell cytosol from a phagosome or extracellular location. Although translocated effectors allow pathogens to manipulate their hosts, molecules delivered to th ...
Molecular mechanism of protrusion formation during Listeria Keith Ireton Luciano A. Rigano
... stimulates Arp2/3 through recruitment of a human nucleation promoting factor known as N-WASP. Unlike ActA or IcsA, the Rickettsia surface protein Sca2 directly promotes assembly of actin filaments independently of Arp2/3 or other host factors. Sca2 may act as a functional mimic of a class of eukaryo ...
... stimulates Arp2/3 through recruitment of a human nucleation promoting factor known as N-WASP. Unlike ActA or IcsA, the Rickettsia surface protein Sca2 directly promotes assembly of actin filaments independently of Arp2/3 or other host factors. Sca2 may act as a functional mimic of a class of eukaryo ...
A Cadaveric Study Evaluating the Feasibility of an Ultrasound
... LSCs, and TSTs; hip bones adjacent to the SIJ; L5 vertebra; coccyx; and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments were digitized. The digitized nerve, needle, and osseoligamentous data were reconstructed 3-dimensionally using Autodesk Maya 2016 (Autodesk Inc, San Rafael, California) with custom plug-ins dev ...
... LSCs, and TSTs; hip bones adjacent to the SIJ; L5 vertebra; coccyx; and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments were digitized. The digitized nerve, needle, and osseoligamentous data were reconstructed 3-dimensionally using Autodesk Maya 2016 (Autodesk Inc, San Rafael, California) with custom plug-ins dev ...
Aquatic Microbial Ecology 58:303
... highest and lowest water levels, indicating close relationships between AAP bacterial abundance and tidal currents (Fig. 4). Meanwhile, the changes of total bacterial abundance and chl a concentration at night were also close to those of tidal height (Fig. 4). In such a shallow coral reef ecosystem, ...
... highest and lowest water levels, indicating close relationships between AAP bacterial abundance and tidal currents (Fig. 4). Meanwhile, the changes of total bacterial abundance and chl a concentration at night were also close to those of tidal height (Fig. 4). In such a shallow coral reef ecosystem, ...
Gram`s staining - Micro-Rao
... The smear on a glass slide is covered with few drops of one of the primary stains. Gentian violet is a mixture of methyl violet and crystal violet. The primary stain renders all the bacteria uniformly violet. After a minute of exposure to the staining solution, the slide is washed in water. The smea ...
... The smear on a glass slide is covered with few drops of one of the primary stains. Gentian violet is a mixture of methyl violet and crystal violet. The primary stain renders all the bacteria uniformly violet. After a minute of exposure to the staining solution, the slide is washed in water. The smea ...
Mycobacterium tuberculosis adhesins: potential
... the most common form of bacterial adhesins. They are elongated, multi-subunit protein structures that are able to interact with glycoprotein and glycolipid receptors found on host cells (Esko & Sharon, 2009). To be functional, adhesins must be anchored onto or displayed on the bacterial cell surface ...
... the most common form of bacterial adhesins. They are elongated, multi-subunit protein structures that are able to interact with glycoprotein and glycolipid receptors found on host cells (Esko & Sharon, 2009). To be functional, adhesins must be anchored onto or displayed on the bacterial cell surface ...
Bacteria under stress by complement and coagulation
... sensors provides us a unique opportunity to discuss the relatively unknown role of coagulation as part of the mammalian innate immune system. Finally, we also highlight how bacterial pathogens block or use these proteolytic cascades to overcome immune clearance. Since both complement and coagulation ...
... sensors provides us a unique opportunity to discuss the relatively unknown role of coagulation as part of the mammalian innate immune system. Finally, we also highlight how bacterial pathogens block or use these proteolytic cascades to overcome immune clearance. Since both complement and coagulation ...
Root Hairs. Plant Cell Monographs.
... and a bacterial lectin known as Bj38. Loss of function of genes encoding exo-, capsular-, and lipopolysacchrides as well as cyclic β-1,2-glucan often result in diminished root attachment and poorly infected nodules. However, no mutant phenotypes have been described for the loss of function of either ...
... and a bacterial lectin known as Bj38. Loss of function of genes encoding exo-, capsular-, and lipopolysacchrides as well as cyclic β-1,2-glucan often result in diminished root attachment and poorly infected nodules. However, no mutant phenotypes have been described for the loss of function of either ...
novel therapy of high-priority citrus diseases
... protease. Thus, different chimeras can be constructed within each category, thereby allowing us to choose the chimera with the highest anti-bacterial activity. Thionin1-D4E1 chimera was the first one that we started working on three years ago. At that time, the sequence of the citrus genome was not ...
... protease. Thus, different chimeras can be constructed within each category, thereby allowing us to choose the chimera with the highest anti-bacterial activity. Thionin1-D4E1 chimera was the first one that we started working on three years ago. At that time, the sequence of the citrus genome was not ...
Maxillary Injection Techniques
... If tooth does not anesthetize the needle tip could be below the apex of the tooth resulting in inadequate anesthesia If the needle lies too far from the bone then anesthesia will be inadequate because the solution was deposited in the soft tissue (lip) The needle must be oriented toward the perio ...
... If tooth does not anesthetize the needle tip could be below the apex of the tooth resulting in inadequate anesthesia If the needle lies too far from the bone then anesthesia will be inadequate because the solution was deposited in the soft tissue (lip) The needle must be oriented toward the perio ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... Although macrophages have the ability to destroy the majority of invaders, Mtb is able to persist and to replicate within the host macrophage. Mtb has the ability to manipulate its host cells on many levels. One example is the role of the mycobacterial cell-wall lipids and mycobacterial protein kina ...
... Although macrophages have the ability to destroy the majority of invaders, Mtb is able to persist and to replicate within the host macrophage. Mtb has the ability to manipulate its host cells on many levels. One example is the role of the mycobacterial cell-wall lipids and mycobacterial protein kina ...
Mechanisms associated with phagocytosis of
... water. Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging potential zoonotic pathogen that can be isolated from environmental water sources, where they can establish endosymbiotic relationships with amoebas. The aim of this study was to describe the implication of mannose-binding proteins and membraneassociated rec ...
... water. Arcobacter butzleri is an emerging potential zoonotic pathogen that can be isolated from environmental water sources, where they can establish endosymbiotic relationships with amoebas. The aim of this study was to describe the implication of mannose-binding proteins and membraneassociated rec ...
this PDF file
... Although most DNA in the form of the fibrillar nucleoid is present in the riboplasm, some DNA appearing in the anammoxosome have been confirmed by analysis using anti-DNA antibody [9]. This small amount of DNA within anammoxosome might be speculated to be relic DNA of the ancient pre-anammoxosome ce ...
... Although most DNA in the form of the fibrillar nucleoid is present in the riboplasm, some DNA appearing in the anammoxosome have been confirmed by analysis using anti-DNA antibody [9]. This small amount of DNA within anammoxosome might be speculated to be relic DNA of the ancient pre-anammoxosome ce ...
Quorum sensing, communication and cross
... environments to soil, plants and animals, including many pathogens, symbionts, extremophiles and plant-growthpromoting bacteria – produce AHLs. Examples include species of Acidithiobacillus, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Agrobacterium, Brucella, Burkholderia, Erwinia, Enterobacter, Chromobacterium, Hafn ...
... environments to soil, plants and animals, including many pathogens, symbionts, extremophiles and plant-growthpromoting bacteria – produce AHLs. Examples include species of Acidithiobacillus, Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Agrobacterium, Brucella, Burkholderia, Erwinia, Enterobacter, Chromobacterium, Hafn ...
Distribution and prevalence of bacteria found on the door handles of
... major concern. According to a study conducted by Itah et al, Gram (+) Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram (-) enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Citrobacter species, was found to contaminate various contact surfaces including chairs, tables, windows, door handles, and many ot ...
... major concern. According to a study conducted by Itah et al, Gram (+) Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram (-) enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Citrobacter species, was found to contaminate various contact surfaces including chairs, tables, windows, door handles, and many ot ...
Figure 2 - Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange
... In order to ensure their survival, bacteria must sense and adapt to a variety of environmental signals. Motile bacteria are able to orient their movement in a chemical gradient by chemotaxis. During chemotaxis, environmental signals are detected by chemotaxis receptors and are propagated via a signa ...
... In order to ensure their survival, bacteria must sense and adapt to a variety of environmental signals. Motile bacteria are able to orient their movement in a chemical gradient by chemotaxis. During chemotaxis, environmental signals are detected by chemotaxis receptors and are propagated via a signa ...
MS Prokaryotes
... Methanogens can also live in some strange places, such as swamps, and inside the guts of cows and termites. They help these animals break down cellulose, a tough carbohydrate made by plants (Figure 8.12 ). This is an example of a mutualistic relationship. Methanogens are named for their waste produc ...
... Methanogens can also live in some strange places, such as swamps, and inside the guts of cows and termites. They help these animals break down cellulose, a tough carbohydrate made by plants (Figure 8.12 ). This is an example of a mutualistic relationship. Methanogens are named for their waste produc ...
Promiscuous and specific bacterial symbiont acquisition in the
... Multicellular organisms usually are associated with more than one bacterial species. Ectosymbionts form entire assemblages which are designated as microbiota of the respective host. The microbiota of very ‘simple’ animals like the cnidarians Hydra (Fraune and Bosch 2007; Franzenburg et al. 2013) and ...
... Multicellular organisms usually are associated with more than one bacterial species. Ectosymbionts form entire assemblages which are designated as microbiota of the respective host. The microbiota of very ‘simple’ animals like the cnidarians Hydra (Fraune and Bosch 2007; Franzenburg et al. 2013) and ...
Type three secretion system
Type three secretion system (often written Type III secretion system and abbreviated TTSS or T3SS, also called Injectisome or Injectosome) is a protein appendage found in several Gram-negative bacteria.In pathogenic bacteria, the needle-like structure is used as a sensory probe to detect the presence of eukaryotic organisms and secrete proteins that help the bacteria infect them. The secreted effector proteins are secreted directly from the bacterial cell into the eukaryotic (host) cell, where they exert a number of effects that help the pathogen to survive and to escape an immune response.