Impact of two different types of El Niño events on runoff over the
... up to −180 mm yr−1 , which is roughly −31 % in NE region and −11 % in Pacific northwest (PNW) region. Aboveaverage runoff is mainly found in the southern US, with the wettest conditions of about 180 mm yr−1 in the Gulf of Mexico. During EP-El Niño years (Fig. 2b), positive anomalies are scattered th ...
... up to −180 mm yr−1 , which is roughly −31 % in NE region and −11 % in Pacific northwest (PNW) region. Aboveaverage runoff is mainly found in the southern US, with the wettest conditions of about 180 mm yr−1 in the Gulf of Mexico. During EP-El Niño years (Fig. 2b), positive anomalies are scattered th ...
Twenty Questions and Answers about the Ozone Layer
... No, ozone depletion itself is not the principal cause of climate change. Changes in ozone and climate are directly linked because ozone absorbs solar radiation and is also a greenhouse gas. Stratospheric ozone depletion and increases in global tropospheric ozone that have occurred in recent decades ...
... No, ozone depletion itself is not the principal cause of climate change. Changes in ozone and climate are directly linked because ozone absorbs solar radiation and is also a greenhouse gas. Stratospheric ozone depletion and increases in global tropospheric ozone that have occurred in recent decades ...
lakshadweep action plan on climate change
... 3.3.2.2 LAPCC and National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency ................................................................... 104 3.3.2.3 LAPCC and National Mission on Sustainable Habitat .................................................................................. 106 3.3.2.4 LAPCC and ...
... 3.3.2.2 LAPCC and National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency ................................................................... 104 3.3.2.3 LAPCC and National Mission on Sustainable Habitat .................................................................................. 106 3.3.2.4 LAPCC and ...
America's Climate Choices: Panel on Advancing the
... decided that comprehensiveness was essential to the report’s credibility. In addition to drawing on the new scientific results being published nearly every week, we were aided in this task by the final U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) Synthesis and Assessment Product Global Climate Chang ...
... decided that comprehensiveness was essential to the report’s credibility. In addition to drawing on the new scientific results being published nearly every week, we were aided in this task by the final U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) Synthesis and Assessment Product Global Climate Chang ...
Climate Change and Migratory Species
... Changes in storm frequency, wind speeds and wave conditions ................................86 ...
... Changes in storm frequency, wind speeds and wave conditions ................................86 ...
The Sixth National Communication of the Republic of Belarus
... The urban population is characterized by a high concentration. 1.9 mln people (26.8% of the urban population) reside in Minsk. Five regional centers account for 26.7% of the urban residents. 8 cities numbering from 100 thousand to 250 thousand residents account for 15.6% of the urban population. 14 ...
... The urban population is characterized by a high concentration. 1.9 mln people (26.8% of the urban population) reside in Minsk. Five regional centers account for 26.7% of the urban residents. 8 cities numbering from 100 thousand to 250 thousand residents account for 15.6% of the urban population. 14 ...
The endangered Saimaa ringed seal in a changing climate
... may have indirect effects to the seals. In the present thesis, the ecology of the critically endangered subspecies (P. h. saimensis) of the ringed seal, which inhabits a freshwater lake in Finland, was studied. The focus of the study was on key factors that are important for the seal in the changing ...
... may have indirect effects to the seals. In the present thesis, the ecology of the critically endangered subspecies (P. h. saimensis) of the ringed seal, which inhabits a freshwater lake in Finland, was studied. The focus of the study was on key factors that are important for the seal in the changing ...
Effects of a changing climate on peatlands in permafrost
... The Far North of Ontario encompasses 45.2 million hectares of land, with peatlands—defined here as non-forested bogs and fens—as the dominant land class, accounting for nearly 50% of the landscape and storing approximately 36 Gt (1 Gt = 1015 g) of carbon. The Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) account for ne ...
... The Far North of Ontario encompasses 45.2 million hectares of land, with peatlands—defined here as non-forested bogs and fens—as the dominant land class, accounting for nearly 50% of the landscape and storing approximately 36 Gt (1 Gt = 1015 g) of carbon. The Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) account for ne ...
climate change adaptation (CCA) toolkit
... irresponsible human activities are now creating felt changes in the ecological balance. Changes in ocean currents and rainfall patterns including the amount of rainfall; global warming/increasing air temperature; changes to the intensity and frequency of extreme events such as storms, droughts, and ...
... irresponsible human activities are now creating felt changes in the ecological balance. Changes in ocean currents and rainfall patterns including the amount of rainfall; global warming/increasing air temperature; changes to the intensity and frequency of extreme events such as storms, droughts, and ...
MASUD-DISSERTATION-2016
... multivariate frequency analysis approaches. For the development of projected changes to drought characteristics, the research effort was extended over the entire study area and changes to various return levels of drought severity, duration and maximum severity were developed based on NARCCAP RCM sim ...
... multivariate frequency analysis approaches. For the development of projected changes to drought characteristics, the research effort was extended over the entire study area and changes to various return levels of drought severity, duration and maximum severity were developed based on NARCCAP RCM sim ...
Soil moisture regulates the biological response of
... should be considered in future regional climate studies. In this study, we further extend these analyses by testing the hypothesis that the simulated biological effects of the CO2 changes are significant for different vegetation types used in land surface models and that the impact of CO2 changes is ...
... should be considered in future regional climate studies. In this study, we further extend these analyses by testing the hypothesis that the simulated biological effects of the CO2 changes are significant for different vegetation types used in land surface models and that the impact of CO2 changes is ...
Review of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)
... and WCRP must learn to flexibly respond, either by evolving into a more relevant form by broadening it s scientific base, or by focusing on current streng ths and being ready to collaborate with others on new programmes. The world has changed, and, to be successful, WCRP must adapt accordingly. This ...
... and WCRP must learn to flexibly respond, either by evolving into a more relevant form by broadening it s scientific base, or by focusing on current streng ths and being ready to collaborate with others on new programmes. The world has changed, and, to be successful, WCRP must adapt accordingly. This ...
Investigating the response of subtropical forests to environmental
... has occurred worldwide (IPCC, 2013). Heatwaves have become more frequent throughout Europe, Asia and Australia, the number of cold days and nights have decreased, and the number of warm days and nights increased globally since the 1950s. It is likely that this pattern of increase will continue into ...
... has occurred worldwide (IPCC, 2013). Heatwaves have become more frequent throughout Europe, Asia and Australia, the number of cold days and nights have decreased, and the number of warm days and nights increased globally since the 1950s. It is likely that this pattern of increase will continue into ...
the transcript of the APS climate change statement review workshop
... the questions coming back to us. This is broken out. ...
... the questions coming back to us. This is broken out. ...
A new approach to mapping permafrost and change incorporating
... detectable geophysical or surface features. However, the relation between these features and permafrost conditions are complex and may change with space and time (Leverington and Duguay, 1997; Duguay et al., 2005). Permafrost is a ground thermal condition rather than a substance. The impact of clima ...
... detectable geophysical or surface features. However, the relation between these features and permafrost conditions are complex and may change with space and time (Leverington and Duguay, 1997; Duguay et al., 2005). Permafrost is a ground thermal condition rather than a substance. The impact of clima ...
(2013) Evidence of multiple carbon sources and prey communities
... expansion in Arctic Alaska. Ecosystems doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9540-4. 14. Elmendorf, S., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Welker, J. M. et al. (2012a) Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change to recent summer climate warming. Nature Climate Change. 2: 453-457. doi:10.1038/nclimate1465. 15. ...
... expansion in Arctic Alaska. Ecosystems doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9540-4. 14. Elmendorf, S., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Welker, J. M. et al. (2012a) Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change to recent summer climate warming. Nature Climate Change. 2: 453-457. doi:10.1038/nclimate1465. 15. ...
Climate Change and Tourism - Sustainable Development of Tourism
... commitment for action to respond to the climate change challenge. It underscored the need for the tourism sector to rapidly respond to climate change if it is to develop in a sustainable manner, which will require actions to: mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the tourism sector, derived especia ...
... commitment for action to respond to the climate change challenge. It underscored the need for the tourism sector to rapidly respond to climate change if it is to develop in a sustainable manner, which will require actions to: mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the tourism sector, derived especia ...
Climate Change Vulnerability of Migratory Species Species
... PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF CMS APPENDIX I MIGRATORY SPECIES ................................................................................................................................33 ...
... PRELIMINARY REVIEW OF CMS APPENDIX I MIGRATORY SPECIES ................................................................................................................................33 ...
Global Catastrophic Risks - The Global Priorities Project
... and carry unforeseen risks. If we fail to manage this risk well, we might be caught out by consequences that fol- ...
... and carry unforeseen risks. If we fail to manage this risk well, we might be caught out by consequences that fol- ...
Observed and Simulated Processes Linked to the Recent Climate
... OND seasons. This might impact negatively on the agricultural activities in the region. Over the northern GHA region, significant increase/decrease in the number of wet/dry days is projected during September-October-November (SON) season. However, the number of extreme wet days is projected to incre ...
... OND seasons. This might impact negatively on the agricultural activities in the region. Over the northern GHA region, significant increase/decrease in the number of wet/dry days is projected during September-October-November (SON) season. However, the number of extreme wet days is projected to incre ...
The Role of New Media in Protest Organisation
... Table of Content Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... - 1 Table of Content ..................................................................................................................... ...
... Table of Content Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... - 1 Table of Content ..................................................................................................................... ...
Urban adaptation to climate change in Europe 2016
... strongly with socio-economic factors and their regional and global trends. Climate change is a systemic challenge that does not happen in isolation but interacts with socio-economic factors. Regional and global trends in these factors add an extra dynamic. They include geopolitics and conflicts; eco ...
... strongly with socio-economic factors and their regional and global trends. Climate change is a systemic challenge that does not happen in isolation but interacts with socio-economic factors. Regional and global trends in these factors add an extra dynamic. They include geopolitics and conflicts; eco ...
The Threat of Climate Change to Coral Reefs
... productive, rich in species but also very vulnerable to future degradation (Bryany et al., 1998). They cover a mere 0.1% of the ocean surface, yet they are one of the most valuable ecosystems on earth because of their biodiversity and economic and environmental services they provide to a large popul ...
... productive, rich in species but also very vulnerable to future degradation (Bryany et al., 1998). They cover a mere 0.1% of the ocean surface, yet they are one of the most valuable ecosystems on earth because of their biodiversity and economic and environmental services they provide to a large popul ...
Switzerland`s Sixth National Communication and First
... Switzerland covers an area of 41’300 km2, comprising 29% forest and grove, 39% cropland and pastureland, 8% built-up and 23% unproductive land. With the Alps acting as climatic divide, conditions such as average temperature and precipitation vary significantly across Switzerland, depending mainly on ...
... Switzerland covers an area of 41’300 km2, comprising 29% forest and grove, 39% cropland and pastureland, 8% built-up and 23% unproductive land. With the Alps acting as climatic divide, conditions such as average temperature and precipitation vary significantly across Switzerland, depending mainly on ...
Climate change and agriculture
Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a global scale. Climate change affects agriculture in a number of ways, including through changes in average temperatures, rainfall, and climate extremes (e.g., heat waves); changes in pests and diseases; changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide and ground-level ozone concentrations; changes in the nutritional quality of some foods; and changes in sea level.Climate change is already affecting agriculture, with effects unevenly distributed across the world. Future climate change will likely negatively affect crop production in low latitude countries, while effects in northern latitudes may be positive or negative. Climate change will probably increase the risk of food insecurity for some vulnerable groups, such as the poor.Agriculture contributes to climate change by (1) anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), and (2) by the conversion of non-agricultural land (e.g., forests) into agricultural land. Agriculture, forestry and land-use change contributed around 20 to 25% to global annual emissions in 2010.There are range of policies that can reduce the risk of negative climate change impacts on agriculture, and to reduce GHG emissions from the agriculture sector.