Newborn infants` auditory system is sensitive to Western music
... 1999; Leppänen et al., 2004). In a recent review paper, Trainor (2012) points out that due to the layer-specific pattern of cortical maturation during infancy, more positive ERP components are expected than later on. In this study, to avoid confusion, changerelated enhancements in ERPs, whether posi ...
... 1999; Leppänen et al., 2004). In a recent review paper, Trainor (2012) points out that due to the layer-specific pattern of cortical maturation during infancy, more positive ERP components are expected than later on. In this study, to avoid confusion, changerelated enhancements in ERPs, whether posi ...
Functional Neuronal Processing of Body Odors
... emotions are held within body odors (Chen and Haviland-Jones 1999). Together, these studies suggest that the complex mixture constituting human body odors is a stimulus of high ecological importance for humans. Moreover, due to their complex signal contents, it seems likely that body odors are proce ...
... emotions are held within body odors (Chen and Haviland-Jones 1999). Together, these studies suggest that the complex mixture constituting human body odors is a stimulus of high ecological importance for humans. Moreover, due to their complex signal contents, it seems likely that body odors are proce ...
Soto-Faraco (2003) Multisensory contributions to the perception of
... from left-to-right (or right-to-left) if an auditory or tactile stimulus is presented on the left (or right, respectively) just before the line itself is presented.3 However, these studies of the line-motion illusion, as well as the other studies discussed so far, are only marginally informative wit ...
... from left-to-right (or right-to-left) if an auditory or tactile stimulus is presented on the left (or right, respectively) just before the line itself is presented.3 However, these studies of the line-motion illusion, as well as the other studies discussed so far, are only marginally informative wit ...
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... threatening condition. This first exposure made me realize that research was a good fit for my personality, my thirst of knowledge and that it would be a great means to challenge my mind as a way of life and for a good cause. The most important person responsible for my success after deciding to emb ...
... threatening condition. This first exposure made me realize that research was a good fit for my personality, my thirst of knowledge and that it would be a great means to challenge my mind as a way of life and for a good cause. The most important person responsible for my success after deciding to emb ...
Visual Cortex and Control Processes Stimuli in Opposite Visual
... of three letters presented for 200 ms either unilaterally or bilaterally. Unilateral displays resulted in greater contralateral occipital activations than bilateral displays. This was taken as direct evidence that inter-hemispheric sensory competition can arise between stimuli in opposite visual hem ...
... of three letters presented for 200 ms either unilaterally or bilaterally. Unilateral displays resulted in greater contralateral occipital activations than bilateral displays. This was taken as direct evidence that inter-hemispheric sensory competition can arise between stimuli in opposite visual hem ...
How Inhibition Shapes Cortical Activity
... fact that changes in the weight of excitation or inhibition are accompanied by compensatory effects that preserve the excitability of cortical networks (Turrigiano, 2011). These observations have led to the concept that the two opposing synaptic conductances balance each other out and that this bala ...
... fact that changes in the weight of excitation or inhibition are accompanied by compensatory effects that preserve the excitability of cortical networks (Turrigiano, 2011). These observations have led to the concept that the two opposing synaptic conductances balance each other out and that this bala ...
Table of Contents - Neuropsychopharmacology
... cognitive process rather than an unconscious process, whereas physiologists consider it as learning because it is the basic mechanism of learning in changing the response. The reason why psychologists do not usually consider this form of learning as “learning” is because it does not involve any cogn ...
... cognitive process rather than an unconscious process, whereas physiologists consider it as learning because it is the basic mechanism of learning in changing the response. The reason why psychologists do not usually consider this form of learning as “learning” is because it does not involve any cogn ...
Learning and Conditioning Tutorials
... Learning and Conditioning: A Review When you hear or see the word ''learning'', what immediately comes to mind? Do you imagine a classroom full of students listening to an instructor lecture on some subject? Do you picture someone puckering and salivating as they think about a fresh lemon being cut ...
... Learning and Conditioning: A Review When you hear or see the word ''learning'', what immediately comes to mind? Do you imagine a classroom full of students listening to an instructor lecture on some subject? Do you picture someone puckering and salivating as they think about a fresh lemon being cut ...
The Suppressive Field of Neurons in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
... of 34 neurons. Similarly, the overall responsiveness varied substantially over time. The harmonic response to a 50% contrast stimulus varied on average by 25 ⫾ 16 spikes/s, with variations of ⬎40 spikes/s in 4 of 34 neurons. These variations in spontaneous firing rate and responsiveness were not sta ...
... of 34 neurons. Similarly, the overall responsiveness varied substantially over time. The harmonic response to a 50% contrast stimulus varied on average by 25 ⫾ 16 spikes/s, with variations of ⬎40 spikes/s in 4 of 34 neurons. These variations in spontaneous firing rate and responsiveness were not sta ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... Before the single-unit recording, an atlas of the stereotaxic magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain of each monkey was constructed. For head fixation, a halo-like metal ring was implanted in each monkey’s skull, and a microelectrode recording chamber was stereotaxically implanted in the openin ...
... Before the single-unit recording, an atlas of the stereotaxic magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the brain of each monkey was constructed. For head fixation, a halo-like metal ring was implanted in each monkey’s skull, and a microelectrode recording chamber was stereotaxically implanted in the openin ...
Context-US Learning in Aplysia californica
... to contextual conditioning, it seemsnatural to ask whether invertebrates are also capable of forming similar associations. Furthermore, it would seemespeciallyvaluable to demonstrate such learning in those preparations that have been used for neurophysiologicalanalysesof learning. Clearly, their vir ...
... to contextual conditioning, it seemsnatural to ask whether invertebrates are also capable of forming similar associations. Furthermore, it would seemespeciallyvaluable to demonstrate such learning in those preparations that have been used for neurophysiologicalanalysesof learning. Clearly, their vir ...
File - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
Highly Specific Olfactory Receptor Neurons for Types of Amino
... Caprio 1995; Suzuki 1978, 1982) from single ORNs. Extracellular electrophysiological studies in the channel catfish indicated that many of the single ORNs encountered had ongoing spontaneous activity (⬃5 spikes/s) that could be elevated or inhibited in response to amino acids (Kang and Caprio 1995, ...
... Caprio 1995; Suzuki 1978, 1982) from single ORNs. Extracellular electrophysiological studies in the channel catfish indicated that many of the single ORNs encountered had ongoing spontaneous activity (⬃5 spikes/s) that could be elevated or inhibited in response to amino acids (Kang and Caprio 1995, ...
Risk and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: report
... the primary motor cortex (M1), and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from a muscle or set of muscles are recorded with surface EMG electrodes. The intensity of TMS is typically given as a multiple or percentage of the threshold intensity for evoking MEPs of a certain amplitude in a specified fraction o ...
... the primary motor cortex (M1), and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from a muscle or set of muscles are recorded with surface EMG electrodes. The intensity of TMS is typically given as a multiple or percentage of the threshold intensity for evoking MEPs of a certain amplitude in a specified fraction o ...
Chapter 5
... 15. An experiment finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he hears a certain piece of music. The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then plays the piece of music. The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of ...
... 15. An experiment finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he hears a certain piece of music. The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then plays the piece of music. The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of ...
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... making a saccadic eye movement to the location of the target within 600 ms. Generally, ‘miss’ trials occurred when the monkey failed to make a saccade at all (61% of miss trials) since the timing of target onset was variable and the target itself was difficult to detect; however, miss trials also in ...
... making a saccadic eye movement to the location of the target within 600 ms. Generally, ‘miss’ trials occurred when the monkey failed to make a saccade at all (61% of miss trials) since the timing of target onset was variable and the target itself was difficult to detect; however, miss trials also in ...
Neural Mapping of Direction and Frequency in
... microscope stage are monitored by linear encoders mounted to the stage, each encoder having a resolution of 0.1 mm. A set of x, y, and z coordinates are recorded for the end points of each dendritic segment, along with the mean diameter of the segment between the end points. To compare neurons from ...
... microscope stage are monitored by linear encoders mounted to the stage, each encoder having a resolution of 0.1 mm. A set of x, y, and z coordinates are recorded for the end points of each dendritic segment, along with the mean diameter of the segment between the end points. To compare neurons from ...
PRINCIPLES OF NEUROBIOLOGY CHAPTER 6
... potentials produced by each ORN could often be separated using spike sorting methods (see Section 13.20), in some cases Bhandawat et al. used a genetic strategy to kill particular types of ORNs that were found paired with the ORNs they were targeting for recording; with this strategy, the dendrites ...
... potentials produced by each ORN could often be separated using spike sorting methods (see Section 13.20), in some cases Bhandawat et al. used a genetic strategy to kill particular types of ORNs that were found paired with the ORNs they were targeting for recording; with this strategy, the dendrites ...
Choice Coding in Frontal Cortex during Stimulus
... 2007; Kennerley et al., 2009; Cai and Padoa-Schioppa, 2012). One problem in interpreting these results is that tasks often do not allow the researcher to unambiguously determine whether the choice was driven by AO or SO associations. Often animals are presented with pairs of reward-predictive stimul ...
... 2007; Kennerley et al., 2009; Cai and Padoa-Schioppa, 2012). One problem in interpreting these results is that tasks often do not allow the researcher to unambiguously determine whether the choice was driven by AO or SO associations. Often animals are presented with pairs of reward-predictive stimul ...
body proportions in infancy and early childhood
... • In 2012, 15% of American households experienced food insecurity (lack of consistent access to food). • The most common nutrients missing from infants and toddlers’ diets are iron, zinc, and calcium. Kuther, Lifespan Development. © 2017, SAGE Publications. ...
... • In 2012, 15% of American households experienced food insecurity (lack of consistent access to food). • The most common nutrients missing from infants and toddlers’ diets are iron, zinc, and calcium. Kuther, Lifespan Development. © 2017, SAGE Publications. ...
Acquisition of Behavioral Avoidance
... healthy individuals, avoidance, therefore, is functional if it prevents actual threat. In anxiety disorders, however, avoidance is more recurrent and persistent and not related to realistic threat to the patient (Barlow, 2002), and obtains a pathological quality as it causes severe impairments and c ...
... healthy individuals, avoidance, therefore, is functional if it prevents actual threat. In anxiety disorders, however, avoidance is more recurrent and persistent and not related to realistic threat to the patient (Barlow, 2002), and obtains a pathological quality as it causes severe impairments and c ...
do simultaneously presented visual and auditory
... How do the quality and quantity of recalled memory and comprehension differ when auditory and visual stimuli convey the same or different types of information? Does auditory or visual stimuli tend to attract more of our attention while, for example, watching TV, or attending a meeting or class? Coul ...
... How do the quality and quantity of recalled memory and comprehension differ when auditory and visual stimuli convey the same or different types of information? Does auditory or visual stimuli tend to attract more of our attention while, for example, watching TV, or attending a meeting or class? Coul ...
Functional Organization of Ferret Auditory Cortex
... three times that of the noise were recorded by the data acquisition software as ‘spikes’. Units were isolated from the digitized signal by manually clustering data according to spike features, such as amplitude, width and area. We also inspected inter-spike-interval (ISI) histograms and only cases f ...
... three times that of the noise were recorded by the data acquisition software as ‘spikes’. Units were isolated from the digitized signal by manually clustering data according to spike features, such as amplitude, width and area. We also inspected inter-spike-interval (ISI) histograms and only cases f ...
Huffman PowerPoint Slides
... vibration of different areas along the membrane: produces place coding of pitch © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e ...
... vibration of different areas along the membrane: produces place coding of pitch © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e ...