Lecture Outlines Natural Disasters, 5th edition
... Madagascar and New Zealand • When humans arrived, largest animals were flightless birds – elephant birds in Madagascar and moas in New Zealand • Humans killed birds and stole eggs until populations were low enough that random extinction finished them off • Rate of human-induced or –related extinctio ...
... Madagascar and New Zealand • When humans arrived, largest animals were flightless birds – elephant birds in Madagascar and moas in New Zealand • Humans killed birds and stole eggs until populations were low enough that random extinction finished them off • Rate of human-induced or –related extinctio ...
The Marsupial Lion (Thylacoleo carnifex)
... In fact, there was early miss classification of the Thylacoleo carnifex. Tyndale-Biscoe believed that the T. carnifex was related to Phalangeroidae (possums) which would place them in the Phalangerida sub family. He has pointed out that the T.carnifex paws are possum like, which suggests that it is ...
... In fact, there was early miss classification of the Thylacoleo carnifex. Tyndale-Biscoe believed that the T. carnifex was related to Phalangeroidae (possums) which would place them in the Phalangerida sub family. He has pointed out that the T.carnifex paws are possum like, which suggests that it is ...
Dr Geist Predators And Us
... efficient feeding organs. And that means that prey populations were kept at very low density. And if you were able to kill a large herbivore, how would you defend it against these diverse, huge predators? Our abilities to deal with African and Eurasian predators were thus likely much too limited to ...
... efficient feeding organs. And that means that prey populations were kept at very low density. And if you were able to kill a large herbivore, how would you defend it against these diverse, huge predators? Our abilities to deal with African and Eurasian predators were thus likely much too limited to ...
ORIGIN, BIOGEOGRAPHICAL MIGRATIONS AND
... Primitive ancestral grasses are now proposed to have appeared during the Late Cretaceous between 65 and 96 mya (million years ago) in Gondwanan Africa. The ancestral Pooideae are estimated to have migrated to the steppes of Laurasian Eurasia during the Eocene ~ 38 to 47 mya. Taxonomic divergence of ...
... Primitive ancestral grasses are now proposed to have appeared during the Late Cretaceous between 65 and 96 mya (million years ago) in Gondwanan Africa. The ancestral Pooideae are estimated to have migrated to the steppes of Laurasian Eurasia during the Eocene ~ 38 to 47 mya. Taxonomic divergence of ...
4.0 Billion Years of Earth Environmental Change
... Between about 18,000 and 11,500 years ago the climate and environments of North America were changing rapidly. Temperatures were warming. Rainfall patterns were changing. The glaciers were melting. The seasonal difference in temperatures was increasing. These climate changes were causing fundamental ...
... Between about 18,000 and 11,500 years ago the climate and environments of North America were changing rapidly. Temperatures were warming. Rainfall patterns were changing. The glaciers were melting. The seasonal difference in temperatures was increasing. These climate changes were causing fundamental ...
Late Pleistocene Megafaunal Extinctions
... low density in the landscape, mature late, and have few offspring. They are slow to recover numbers after any collapse of population. In many regions of the world, the Pleistocene megafauna was dominated by herbivorous mammals, such as the woolly mammoth and woolly rhinoceros. However, in biological ...
... low density in the landscape, mature late, and have few offspring. They are slow to recover numbers after any collapse of population. In many regions of the world, the Pleistocene megafauna was dominated by herbivorous mammals, such as the woolly mammoth and woolly rhinoceros. However, in biological ...
Tilburg University A paleoeconomic theory of co
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
... humans, the colonization of early humans, and why human overkill might have caused a mass megafauna extinction (e.g., mammoths) at the end of the Pleistocene (see Gamble 1998; Brook and Bowman 2002; Roberts et al. 2001; Alroy 2001; Choquenot and Bowman 1998, Beck 1996, Smith 1975). And while many hy ...
PRIMATE EVOLUTION
... A. The earliest hominoid fossils date to the Miocene epoch (23-5 m.y.a.). B. Proconsul 1. Proconsul was the most abundant anthropoid in the early Miocene. 2. Its teeth have similarities with modern apes, but below the neck the skeleton is more monkey-like. 3. Their teeth suggest that they ate fruits ...
... A. The earliest hominoid fossils date to the Miocene epoch (23-5 m.y.a.). B. Proconsul 1. Proconsul was the most abundant anthropoid in the early Miocene. 2. Its teeth have similarities with modern apes, but below the neck the skeleton is more monkey-like. 3. Their teeth suggest that they ate fruits ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... squirrels, springhares, porcupines, marmots and capybaras. The suborder including rats and mice, however, is the most widely spread and has the largest number of species. Compared with other rodents, members of the family Muridae(true mice) may have evolved recently. One hypothesis suggests that mur ...
... squirrels, springhares, porcupines, marmots and capybaras. The suborder including rats and mice, however, is the most widely spread and has the largest number of species. Compared with other rodents, members of the family Muridae(true mice) may have evolved recently. One hypothesis suggests that mur ...
Studies and reconstructions of dire wolf (Canis dirus) and Grey wolf
... Eocene of North America from a group of archaic carnivorans, the Miacidae (Wang and Tedford 1994, 1996). They were confined to the North American continent during much of their early history, playing a wide range of predatory roles that encompass those of the living canids, procyonids, hyaenids, and ...
... Eocene of North America from a group of archaic carnivorans, the Miacidae (Wang and Tedford 1994, 1996). They were confined to the North American continent during much of their early history, playing a wide range of predatory roles that encompass those of the living canids, procyonids, hyaenids, and ...
rodents as a food source - DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska
... carolinensis) and a lesser number of fox squirrels (S. niger) are harvested annually (Flyger and Gates 1982). Taboos on rat eating are not as common as one would expect. Leviticus 11:29 prohibits eating "the mouse." The Hebrew word used means rat or mouse. Judaism apparently is the only religion to ...
... carolinensis) and a lesser number of fox squirrels (S. niger) are harvested annually (Flyger and Gates 1982). Taboos on rat eating are not as common as one would expect. Leviticus 11:29 prohibits eating "the mouse." The Hebrew word used means rat or mouse. Judaism apparently is the only religion to ...
Primitive Mammals
... Theria and Marsupionta hypothesis Theses are the two hypothesis that attempt to explain the emergence and positions of the extant mammals ( i.e. monotremes, marsupials, placentals) The Theria hypothesis states that monotremes are the oldest branch of the mammalian tree and are placed outside th ...
... Theria and Marsupionta hypothesis Theses are the two hypothesis that attempt to explain the emergence and positions of the extant mammals ( i.e. monotremes, marsupials, placentals) The Theria hypothesis states that monotremes are the oldest branch of the mammalian tree and are placed outside th ...
Examining the Extinction of the Pleistocene Megafauna
... During the Pleistocene, the world saw a dramatic number of extinctions of very large terrestrial species. The losses of these megafauna have been attributed to either of two different hypotheses. One hypothesis states that global climate changes occurring during the Pleistocene caused environmental ...
... During the Pleistocene, the world saw a dramatic number of extinctions of very large terrestrial species. The losses of these megafauna have been attributed to either of two different hypotheses. One hypothesis states that global climate changes occurring during the Pleistocene caused environmental ...
Perspectives on the Derivation of Aquatic Life Criteria for Pesticides
... • Implications for plant-based ALC Protection goals for plants are compatible with a greater fraction of species affected (e.g., HC20), longer durations, greater frequencies of exceedance than for animals. Plant community function in mesocosms studies is generally not impaired by exposure below ...
... • Implications for plant-based ALC Protection goals for plants are compatible with a greater fraction of species affected (e.g., HC20), longer durations, greater frequencies of exceedance than for animals. Plant community function in mesocosms studies is generally not impaired by exposure below ...
Historical biogeography of the Isthmus of Panama
... provenance replaced nearly all South America’s non-volant mammals. There is no geological evidence for a land bridge at that time. Together with rodents and primates crossing from Africa 42 to 30 Ma, South America’s mammals evolved in isolation until the interchange’s first heralds less than 10 Ma. ...
... provenance replaced nearly all South America’s non-volant mammals. There is no geological evidence for a land bridge at that time. Together with rodents and primates crossing from Africa 42 to 30 Ma, South America’s mammals evolved in isolation until the interchange’s first heralds less than 10 Ma. ...
Chapter 24: History and Biogeography
... The Mesozoic era (Cretaceous period) ended with a catastrophic disturbance 65 Mya: evidence points to collision of an asteroid with Earth that struck in shallow seas off the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico: much of earth’s biomass was destroyed by massive tidal waves, fires, and ensuing darkness and ...
... The Mesozoic era (Cretaceous period) ended with a catastrophic disturbance 65 Mya: evidence points to collision of an asteroid with Earth that struck in shallow seas off the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico: much of earth’s biomass was destroyed by massive tidal waves, fires, and ensuing darkness and ...
Kimberly J
... Projects: Drivers of grassland community structure and woody encroachment: an assessment of the strength of bottom-up and top-down controls. Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, 2004-2007 Advisor: Dr. Katharine Suding Projects: D ...
... Projects: Drivers of grassland community structure and woody encroachment: an assessment of the strength of bottom-up and top-down controls. Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, 2004-2007 Advisor: Dr. Katharine Suding Projects: D ...
Chapter 9 Primate Origins and Evolution Overview • Following the
... • This concept is based on the idea that species will evolve similar traits in similar environments. • Recent evidence indicates a single line with Old World monkeys of both groups, rather than parallel evolution (which I used to teach in the ‘old days’). • How did they get to the New World? • By th ...
... • This concept is based on the idea that species will evolve similar traits in similar environments. • Recent evidence indicates a single line with Old World monkeys of both groups, rather than parallel evolution (which I used to teach in the ‘old days’). • How did they get to the New World? • By th ...
Full PDF Report... - The Rewilding Institute
... parasites, and diseases; and later by industrial pollution. Islands lost birds, giant tortoises, and small mammals. On continents, some birds, fish, and large mammals have been driven into extinction, but many more species of birds, freshwater fish, and large mammals have had their numbers drastical ...
... parasites, and diseases; and later by industrial pollution. Islands lost birds, giant tortoises, and small mammals. On continents, some birds, fish, and large mammals have been driven into extinction, but many more species of birds, freshwater fish, and large mammals have had their numbers drastical ...
Holocene vegetation change and the mammal faunas of South
... and predation; and biogeographical patterns. All such distinctions are mostly related to the open formation faunas, and have been completely established around the mid-Holocene. Considering that the mid-Holocene was a time of greater humidity than the late Pleistocene, vegetation cover in South Amer ...
... and predation; and biogeographical patterns. All such distinctions are mostly related to the open formation faunas, and have been completely established around the mid-Holocene. Considering that the mid-Holocene was a time of greater humidity than the late Pleistocene, vegetation cover in South Amer ...
Lecture 22: Coevolution
... • Evidence for coevolution? • Less evidence for coevol’n of running speed Why? costs of adaptation • resistance to 1 pred. may ↑ vulnerability to others e.g. Cucurbitacins:protect from mites; attract beetles ...
... • Evidence for coevolution? • Less evidence for coevol’n of running speed Why? costs of adaptation • resistance to 1 pred. may ↑ vulnerability to others e.g. Cucurbitacins:protect from mites; attract beetles ...
Pollinator Pathways Poster
... yellow nectar-rich blossoms. They also stop and drink at manmade hummingbird feeders offering sugar water. When not sipping nectar from blossoms, they feed on protein and oil-containing small insects including fruit flies. ...
... yellow nectar-rich blossoms. They also stop and drink at manmade hummingbird feeders offering sugar water. When not sipping nectar from blossoms, they feed on protein and oil-containing small insects including fruit flies. ...
The Central American land bridge: evolution at work
... Center for Tropical Palaeoecology and Archaeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama The Neogene of tropical America was a time of revolutionary change both at community and species levels. The Panama gateway region has been widely used to document and model pattern ...
... Center for Tropical Palaeoecology and Archaeology, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Republic of Panama The Neogene of tropical America was a time of revolutionary change both at community and species levels. The Panama gateway region has been widely used to document and model pattern ...
megafauna extinction - Harvard Computer Society
... efore the North American continent was populated with humans, it was populated with super-sized versions of today’s familiar mammals, a group of gigantic animals known as megafauna. The mastodons, sabertooths, and ground sloths of the Pleistocene period existed on this continent for hundreds of thou ...
... efore the North American continent was populated with humans, it was populated with super-sized versions of today’s familiar mammals, a group of gigantic animals known as megafauna. The mastodons, sabertooths, and ground sloths of the Pleistocene period existed on this continent for hundreds of thou ...
Great American Interchange
The Great American Interchange was an important paleozoogeographic event in which land and freshwater fauna migrated from North America via Central America to South America and vice versa, as the volcanic Isthmus of Panama rose up from the sea floor and bridged the formerly separated continents. The migration peaked dramatically around three million years (Ma) ago during the Piacenzian age.It resulted in the joining of the Neotropic (roughly South America) and Nearctic (roughly North America) ecozones definitively to form the Americas. The interchange is visible from observation of both stratigraphy and nature (neontology). Its most dramatic effect is on the zoogeography of mammals but it also gave an opportunity for reptiles, amphibians, arthropods, weak-flying or flightless birds, and even freshwater fish to migrate.The occurrence of the interchange was first discussed in 1876 by the ""father of biogeography"", Alfred Russel Wallace. Wallace had spent 1848–1852 exploring and collecting specimens in the Amazon Basin. Others who made significant contributions to understanding the event in the century that followed include Florentino Ameghino, W. D. Matthew, W. B. Scott, Bryan Patterson, George Gaylord Simpson and S. David Webb.Analogous interchanges occurred earlier in the Cenozoic, when the formerly isolated land masses of India and Africa made contact with Eurasia c. 50 and 30 Ma ago, respectively.